{"id":36896,"date":"2024-05-08T14:00:22","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T12:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/d896ab13-e1a5-4273-9b52-b8c02f1a6e30"},"modified":"2024-05-08T14:39:24","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T12:39:24","slug":"britains-most-endangered-animal-species-discover-the-rarest-creatures-in-the-uk","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbccountryfile\/rss_feed\/britains-most-endangered-animal-species-discover-the-rarest-creatures-in-the-uk\/","title":{"rendered":"Britain&#8217;s most endangered animal species: Discover the rarest creatures in the UK"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\">Some once-common native species are disappearing from the British countryside \u2013 our guide looks at 17 of the most endangered animal species in the UK that have suffered acute declines in recent years. <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Wednesday, 08 May 2024 at 12:00 PM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhm.ac.uk\/discover\/news\/2020\/september\/uk-has-led-the-world-in-destroying-the-natural-environment.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">study<\/a> by scientists at London&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhm.ac.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Natural History Museum<\/a> revealed that Britain has lost almost half of its biodiversity since the Industrial Revolution, and that the nation is one of the worst rated in terms of the extent to which is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/ecosystem-engineers\">ecosystems<\/a> have retained their natural biodiversity. But some of the UK&#8217;s precious wildlife is still hanging on in key strongholds across the country.<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/britains-extinct-beasts\">Britain&#8217;s lost beasts: when did the moose, wolf and bear go extinct in UK?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/extinct-british-animals\">What animals are extinct in Britain?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>Here is our expert guide to some of the most endangered animal species in Britain, with a few key details on where they can be found, how to identify and why each species is in decline.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-britain-s-most-endangered-animal-species\">Britain&#8217;s most endangered animal species<\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-scottish-wildcat-felis-silvestris-silvestris\">Scottish wildcat (<em>Felis silvestris silvestris<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Scottish wildcat kittens. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>The only feline species native to the British Isles, the wildcat was once widespread, but is now restricted to northern Scotland where as few as 100 may remain. <\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Beautiful Scottish Wildcat\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tUcvEqpTRPU?start=73&amp;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><p>Persecution and interbreeding with feral cats have driven the wildcat to near-extinction and sightings of this thick-tailed, tabby like animal may soon be lost to history.<\/p><p>In 2023, 19 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/news\/wildcats-in-cairngorms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Scottish wildcats were released into the cairngorms<\/a> in a battle to save the species.<\/p><p>Our sister title BBC Wildlife Magazine named the Scottish wildcat one of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/worlds-rarest-cats\">rarest cats int the world<\/a><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-red-squirrel-sciurus-vulgaris\">Red squirrel (<em>Sciurus vulgaris<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"703\" height=\"497\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2018\/09\/GettyImages-560420805-672d4b1.jpg\" alt=\"Red squirrel\" class=\"wp-image-5314\" title=\"Red squirrel\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The red squirrel was once considered a pest \u2013 now its grey cousin is the problem. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>The ever-popular <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/mammals\/red-squirrel-guide-how-to-identify-and-where-to-see-in-britain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">red squirrel<\/a> has been in decline since the early 20th century and has dwindled to an estimated population of only 140,000. <\/p><p>This compares to the 2.5 million strong North American grey squirrel pushing it out of most areas since its introduction to the UK. <\/p><p>Now the reds are only commonly found in the far north of England and Scotland.<\/p><p>There were encouraging signs of a small fight-back for the red squirrel in recent years, but their susceptibility to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/squirrel-pox-gude\">squirrel pox <\/a>means they remain very much in the shadow of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/grey-squirrel-facts\">grey squirrel<\/a>.<\/p><ul><li>R<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/red-squirrel-vs-grey-squirrel-the-key-differences\">ed squirrel vs grey squirrel: the key differences<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hazel-dormouse-muscardinus-avellanarius\">Hazel dormouse (<em>Muscardinus avellanarius<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2024\/05\/hazel_dormouse.jpg\" alt=\"hazel dormouse\" class=\"wp-image-184222\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Hard to spot: Not only are they rare, but hazel dormice hibernate for half of the year. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Renowned for its fondness for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/what-is-sleep\">sleep<\/a>, the hazel dormouse spends half of the year in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/hibernation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hibernation<\/a>. <\/p><p>They are small, the body measuring 75mm with a 65mm tail, and have golden-brown fur with large, round black eyes. <\/p><p>Largely restricted to southern counties, they are nocturnal and build summer nests from honeysuckle bark.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Rare hazel dormice reintroduced to the wild\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/86Bwg36M3ls?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><p>Numbers of dormice are dwindling in the UK &#8211; read about the plight of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/news\/britains-dormouse-population-has-more-than-halved-since-2000-finds-study\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">British dormice<\/a>.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-cicada-family-cicadidae\">Cicada (<em>Family Cicadidae<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2008\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2018\/10\/Cicada-c4949de.jpg\" alt=\"cicada on plant\" class=\"wp-image-45125\" title=\"Cicada\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The jury is out if the cicada can still be found in the New Forest. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>While these <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/insects-invertebrates\/what-are-insects\">insects <\/a>are common throughout Europe, they are struggling desperately in Britain. Their population is now confined to small areas of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-new-forest-national-park\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">New Forest<\/a> in Hampshire and there have been no recorded sightings of the bug since the turn of the Millennium.<\/p><p>The has led some commentators to believe that it has already become extinct, but experts say it suffered a similar lull in the 1940s and 1960s, only to be spotted again. <\/p><p>Tracking its whereabouts and numbers is not easy. The cicada emits a high-pitched song only on sunny days between May and July. So high-pitched in fact that it is imperceptible to most humans, especially those over the age of 40.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-turtle-dove-streptopelia-turtur\">Turtle dove (<em>Streptopelia turtur<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2024\/05\/turtle_doves.jpg\" alt=\"turtle doves\" class=\"wp-image-184231\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Turtle doves are on the Red List of conservation concern and is protected in the UK under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Once a familiar summer sound, the \u2018purr\u2019 of the turtle dove is now rarely heard in Britain. In fact, in 2022 a survey suggested they were <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/news\/turtle-dove-fastest-declining-species-in-uk\">the fasting declining species in the UK<\/a>. <\/p><p>Slightly bigger than a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/birds\/blackbirds-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">blackbird<\/a>, they have a distinctive scalloped pattern on the upper wings. <\/p><p>They have declined by 99% in Britian since 1960, due in part to widespread hunting across the Mediterranean as they <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/birds\/where-do-birds-go-in-winter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">migrate<\/a> from Africa.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"5 Facts About the Turtle Dove\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/CWJhcd_6iKs?start=30&amp;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Watch to hear the distinctive sound a Turtle Dove makes. Credit: YouTube\/RSPB<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Want to know more? We&#8217;ve compiled a list of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/10-things-you-might-not-know-about-turtle-doves\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10 things you didn&#8217;t know about turtle doves<\/a>.<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/birds\/dove-vs-pigeon-whats-the-difference-between-these-two-cooing-birds\">Dove vs pigeon &#8211; what\u2019s the difference between these two cooing birds?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-capercaillie-tetrao-urogallus\">Capercaillie (<em>Tetrao urogallus<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2024\/05\/capercaillie-1.jpg\" alt=\"capercaillie\" class=\"wp-image-184251\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Capercaillies are once again facing difficult times. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>The male capercaillie is a huge, turkey-sized bird, dark in colour with a long tail that it fans when displaying to the smaller, brown females. <\/p><p>Having been reintroduced in the 1830\u2019s following extinction, the capercaillie is again endangered, with only around 500 left in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/trees-plants\/scots-pine-facts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">pine forests<\/a> of northern Scotland.\u00a0Find out what has gone wrong in our investigation: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/animals\/who-killed-the-capercaillies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">who is killing the capercaillie?<\/a><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-pine-marten-martes-martes\">Pine marten (<em>Martes martes<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2024\/05\/pine_martin.jpg\" alt=\"pine martin\" class=\"wp-image-184254\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Should we be cautiously optimistic when it comes to the endangered pine martin? Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Chocolate-brown with a burnt butter chest, the pine marten is a mustelid found primarily in the north and west. <\/p><p>Similarly sized to a cat, it has a long, fluffy tail and lithe body, suited to its favoured, woodland habitat. <\/p><p>Once persecuted to the brink of extinction, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/facts-about-pine-martens\">pine marten<\/a> is now expanding its range.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-lesser-spotted-woodpecker-dryobates-minor\">Lesser spotted woodpecker (<em>Dryobates minor<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3759\" height=\"2506\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2022\/01\/GettyImages-178622000-1-42d13c1.jpg\" alt=\"A lesser spotted woodpecker on a birch tree\" class=\"wp-image-145047\" title=\"Lesser Spotted Woodpecker\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The lesser spotted woodpecker shares a colour scheme with its larger great spotted cousin. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>For some, this is the never-spotted woodpecker. Little bigger than a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/news\/house-sparrows-approach-six-year-high-after-steep-decline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">house sparrow<\/a>, the lesser is the smallest of the three UK <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/birds\/woodpecker-guide-uk-species-how-to-identify-where-to-see\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">woodpecker<\/a> species and increasingly seldom seen in Britain. <\/p><p>Its strongholds are ancient woodlands of southern England, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/visit-dartmoor-national-park-places-to-stay-things-to-do\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dartmoor<\/a> to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-walks-in-kent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kent<\/a>, but especially the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/days-out\/new-forest-guide-walks-wildlife-history-where-to-stay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">New Forest<\/a>.<\/p><p>Its small size and habit of living much of its life high in the woodland canopy means that it is often overlooked but the species has also undergone a dramatic decline in numbers since the 1980s of over 90%. Just 600 pairs may remain in the whole of the UK. The reasons are not well known though it may include loss of open woodland habitat and the standing dead wood that holds their insect food and offers nesting holes.<\/p><p>Lesser-spotted nests are also known to be plundered by the larger <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/birds\/great-spotted-woodpecker\">great spotted woodpecker<\/a>, whose numbers have increased dramatically over the same period.<\/p><p>The best means of locating a lesser spotted woodpecker is through the sound of its hammering \u2013 which is long and drawn out, rather than short and staccato as with the great spotted. <\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/birds\/why-dont-woodpeckers-get-headaches-when-drumming\">Why don\u2019t woodpeckers get headaches when drumming?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>Hear more about this species in our Plodcast.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-block-embed-spotify wp-embed-aspect-21-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe title=\"Spotify Embed: 99. A spring adventure in a wildlife paradise \u2013 and the quest for a legendary woodpecker\" style=\"border-radius: 12px\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/66LNzHsNoA1SzB03MybWu6?utm_source=oembed\"\/><\/div><\/figure><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-block-embed-spotify wp-embed-aspect-21-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe title=\"Spotify Embed: Sound Escape 12: lesser spotted woodpeckers and spring songbirds in a Celtic rainforest\" style=\"border-radius: 12px\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/5TlRggHBhZSZFa5N2PMJnH?utm_source=oembed\"\/><\/div><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-wart-biter-cricket-decticus-verrucivorus-nbsp\">Wart-biter cricket (<em>Decticus verrucivorus<\/em>)\u00a0<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2180\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2018\/10\/Wartbiter-cricket-cc0561b-2.jpg\" alt=\"wart-biter cricket on grass\" class=\"wp-image-45129\" title=\"Wartbiter-cricket\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The strangely named wart-biter cricket is becoming rarer due to the loss of its grassland habitats. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>This cricket \u2013 whose name comes from an old tradition of using them to bite warts off skin \u2013 can only be found in four naturally occurring locations across <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-walks-in-east-sussex\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">East Sussex<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-walks-in-dorset\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dorset<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-hikes-in-wiltshire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wiltshire<\/a>.<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/insects-invertebrates\/grasshoppers-vs-crickets\">Grasshoppers vs crickets: what&#8217;s the difference between these two jumping insects?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>While another population has been re-introduced in Kent the wart-biter is at a high-risk of extinction due to loss of its habitat on heathland and chalk landscape as well as its prey.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-smooth-snake-coronella-austriaca\">Smooth snake (<em>Coronella austriaca<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2024\/05\/smooth_snake.jpg\" alt=\"smooth snake\" class=\"wp-image-184238\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Slender and finely marked, the smooth snake is not venomous. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>One of only three native snakes species in the UK, and our rarest <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/reptiles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">reptile<\/a>, the smooth snake is found only on lowland heaths, primarily in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/days-out\/a-complete-guide-to-dorset-where-to-visit-stay-eat-and-walk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dorset<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-walks-in-hampshire\">Hampshire<\/a>.<\/p><p>Its numbers have been drastically reduced through loss of these heaths to development.<\/p><p>With brown-grey colouration and round, \u2018teddy-bear\u2019 eyes, they grow to around 70cm in length and are secretive, spending considerable time underground where they regulate blood temperature through contact with their surroundings rather than direct sunlight.<\/p><p>A hunter of other reptiles, it also hides underground, waiting to ambush passing prey. <\/p><p>For everything you need to know about this species, check out our comprehensive <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/smooth-snake\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">guide to smooth snakes<\/a> and listen to our Plodcast<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-block-embed-spotify wp-embed-aspect-21-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe title=\"Spotify Embed: 104. Explore the Dorset heaths in search of Britain&amp;apos;s rarest reptile\" style=\"border-radius: 12px\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/3x17hNCsDnNIciNDq00n54?utm_source=oembed\"\/><\/div><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-bearded-false-darkling-beetle-melandrya-barbata\">Bearded false darkling beetle <em>(Melandrya barbata)<\/em><\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2111\" height=\"1421\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2022\/01\/GettyImages-1459829317-6d73919.jpg\" alt=\"A beaded false darkling beetle on wood. It has a smooth, flattened carapace\" class=\"wp-image-145050\" title=\"False darkling beetle, Orchesia micans on fungi\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A false darkling beetle on fungi. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>This brilliant beetle is only to be found in five areas of south-east Britain. One such location is the New Forest, which has an abundance of the beetle\u2019s favourite places to live: deadwood as well as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/trees-plants\/oak-tree-guide-lifespan-uk-species-identification\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">oak trees<\/a>.<\/p><p>Rural development and deforestation has removed the beetle\u2019s chosen habitat in the vast majority of Britain resulting in it being classified as \u2018endangered\u2019 and at severe risk of disappearing completely from these shores.<\/p><p>Find out more about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/insects-invertebrates\/british-beetle-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">British beetles<\/a> in our comprehensive, expert guide.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-natterjack-toad-epidalea-calamita\">Natterjack toad (<em>Epidalea calamita<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"508\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2018\/09\/GettyImages-124771728-5b0e8c8.jpg\" alt=\"Natterjack Toad (Bufo calamita), male calling, Lower Saxony, Germany\" class=\"wp-image-5310\" title=\"GettyImages-124771728-5b0e8c8\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The male natterjack inflates his voal sac and makes distinctive loud chattering calls in the breeding season. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>One of only two species of toad in the UK, this noisy amphibian is said to be audible over several kilometres but sadly there are vast swathes of Britain in which it cannot be heard at all.<\/p><p>It has all but gone from these islands and is largely restricted to coastal populations in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/rockcliffe-kippford-dumfries-galloway\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cumbria<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/rockcliffe-kippford-dumfries-galloway\">Solway<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-hikes-in-lancashire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lancashire<\/a> and East Anglia, although there are ongoing introduction programmes at inland, heathland sites.<\/p><p>They have been reintroduced in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-walks-in-hampshire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hampshire<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/walks\/best-hikes-in-surrey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Surrey<\/a> but are still considered endangered, despite female natterjacks being able to lay up to 7,500 eggs during breeding season.<\/p><p>A good place to see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/amphibians\/facts-about-natterjack-toads\">natterjack toads<\/a> is the coast near <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/see-natterjack-toads-in-southport-lancashire\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Southport in Lancashire<\/a>.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-hedgehog-subfamily-nbsp-erinaceinae\">Hedgehog (Subfamily\u00a0<em>Erinaceinae<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2018\/09\/GettyImages-528847893-e0bca9b.jpg\" alt=\"Close-Up Of Hedgehog On Green Field\" class=\"wp-image-5312\" title=\"Close-Up Of Hedgehog On Green Field\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">There were 36 million hedgehogs in 1950. Today numbers are down to just 1 million. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>This much-loved creature has seen a harsh decline in the last 70 years. In 1950 there were an estimated 36 million hedgehogs in the UK. Sadly, reports last year suggested that had dropped to just one million in 2013, a third of levels at the start of the century.<\/p><p>It is considered to be partly due to warmer winters that have affected their hibernation patterns, waking them up at the wrong time of year, before there is enough food around. New roads and building developments constructed in their habitat may also be a factor.<\/p><p>Take a look at our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/mammals\/our-guide-to-hedgehogs-where-to-see-and-how-to-help-hedgehogs-in-your-garden\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">British hedgehog guide<\/a> for information on how to help hedgehogs in your garden.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-swallowtail-butterfly-papilio-machaon\">Swallowtail butterfly (<em>Papilio machaon<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2024\/05\/swallowtail.jpg\" alt=\"swallowtail butterfly\" class=\"wp-image-184227\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Though the largest UK butterfly, you&#8217;ll be lucky to spot a swallowtail. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Perhaps our most striking <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/insects-invertebrates\/british-butterflies-facts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">butterfly<\/a>, the swallowtail is also our largest, with black veins across yellow wings, blue edging and red spots beside the pointed, \u2018forked\u2019 tail. <\/p><p>Restricted to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/go-outdoors\/visit-the-norfolk-broads-places-to-stay-things-to-do\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Norfolk<\/a> fens, the swallowtail flies in early summer before overwintering as a chrysalis, when it is susceptible to flooding.<\/p><p>Check out our feature about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/news\/a-new-butterfly-for-britain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a new butterfly for Britain<\/a> &#8211; the Continental Swallowtail.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-small-tortoiseshell-aglais-urticae\">Small tortoiseshell (<em>Aglais urticae<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"483\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2018\/09\/GettyImages-179440529-1f04853.jpg\" alt=\"Small tortoiseshell butterfly\" class=\"wp-image-5297\" title=\"Small tortoiseshell butterfly\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Although still relatively easy to find in spring and summer, the small tortoiseshell&#8217;s steep decline is alarming. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>British butterflies have been in decline in recent years in general and half of the UK&#8217;s species are now on the UK <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/news\/half-of-british-butterfly-species-are-now-threatened-with-extinction\/\">red list which lists wildlife threatened with extinction<\/a>. <\/p><p>A species that has particularly suffered if the pretty small tortoiseshell. Once one of our commonest butterfly species, in 2013 it was reported that numbers had dropped by 77% in the previous 10 years.<\/p><p>Butterfly populations have struggled here on recent years because of the wet springs and summers and, as with most of the animals on this list, a decline in the availability of its natural habitat. <\/p><p>Critically endangered species in even more trouble than the small tortoiseshell include the pearl bordered fritillary, the heath fritillary, the wood white and the high brown fritillary.<\/p><p>Looking to help our pollinators? Why not grow <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/how-to\/wildlife-gardening\/best-plants-for-bees-and-butterflies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">butterfly- and bee-friendly plants in your garden?<\/a><\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading listicle__title heading-3\" id=\"h-hen-harrier-circus-cyaneus\">Hen harrier (<em>Circus cyaneus<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-landscape_thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1442\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/47\/2018\/09\/Hen-Harrier0801-9e3af50.jpg\" alt=\"Hen Harrier\" class=\"wp-image-12340\" title=\"Hen Harrier\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A female hen harrier is also known as a ringtail as her tail feathers have distinctive rings of brown and white. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>A silent hunter of moorlands and wild islands, the hen harrier quarters the landscape in a slow, buoyant flight, before dropping to ambush birds and small mammals on the ground.<\/p><p>The species is best known for its courtship skydance in early spring when the sexes engage in a delicate aerial ballet, swooping and weaving together. Males are a delicate grey-blue, like the edge of a storm cloud. The larger female is a sooty brown above but streaked brown and white underside.<\/p><p>Sadly the hen harrier has undergone a serious decline in recent years and is one of the UK&#8217;s most persecuted animals. On grouse moors, the harrier can have a major effect on gamebird numbers and this has brought it into conflict with those managing the estates for grouse shooting.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rspb.org.uk\/about-the-rspb\/about-us\/media-centre\/press-releases\/illegal-killing-major-cause-of-death-in-hen-harriers\/\">An RSPB study published in spring 2023<\/a> looked at the results of a GPS tracking programme for the species. Birds were tagged with transmitters and their movements followed. The study found that individual birds were disappearing on average just 120 days after fledging and mortality was highest on grouse moors.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fen-raft-spider-dolomedes-plantarius\">Fen raft spider (<em>Dolomedes plantarius<\/em>)<\/h3><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"ZSL London Zoo work to save the fen raft spider\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gO2s7nCvIvw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><p>The rarer of two British species of <em>Dolomedes<\/em>, the fen raft spider occurs naturally at just three sites, in East Anglia, Sussex and South Wales. <\/p><p>An adult may measure 22mm with a leg span of 70mm, and each leg has sensory hairs that enable it to walk on the water\u2019s surface and detect vibrations from prey.<\/p><p>The fen raft spider is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/insects-invertebrates\/biggest-spiders-in-the-uk\">Britain&#8217;s biggest spider<\/a><\/p><p>Find out more about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/insects-invertebrates\/british-spider-guide-common-species-to-identify-and-where-to-find-them\">Britain&#8217;s spiders<\/a><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/insects-invertebrates\/tube-web-spider\">Meet the tube web spider, a British spider that can pierce skin with its fangs<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/insects-invertebrates\/facts-about-spiders\">14 incredible spider facts you probably didn&#8217;t know<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/insects-invertebrates\/purse-web-spider-britains-tarantula\">Meet the purse-web spider, Britain&#8217;s very own tarantula<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p\/><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-want-to-find-out-more-about-the-state-of-our-wildlife\">Want to find out more about the state of our wildlife?<\/h4><p>Check out our expert guides about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/insects-invertebrates\/uks-most-threatened-insect-species\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the UK&#8217;s most threatened insects<\/a> and how <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/birds\/more-than-a-quarter-of-british-birds-in-decline-finds-report\">British birds are in decline<\/a>, as well as some good news: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/news\/rare-uk-butterflies-make-a-comeback\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rare butterflies making a comeback<\/a> and how <a href=\"https:\/\/www.countryfile.com\/wildlife\/birds\/farmland-birds-and-butterfly-numbers-boosted-by-nature-friendly-farming\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">nature-friendly farming<\/a> is seeing a boost in bird and butterfly numbers.<\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Some once-common native species are disappearing from the British countryside \u2013 our guide looks at 17 of the most endangered animal species in the UK that have suffered acute declines in recent years. 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once-common native species are disappearing from the British countryside \u2013 our guide looks at 17 of the most endangered animal species in the UK that have suffered acute declines in recent 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