{"id":11178,"date":"2022-02-28T13:45:17","date_gmt":"2022-02-28T12:45:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/?p=97343"},"modified":"2022-02-28T14:00:11","modified_gmt":"2022-02-28T13:00:11","slug":"what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/rss_feed\/what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term\/","title":{"rendered":"What does Iron Curtain mean, and who popularised the term?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"><\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Abigail Whyte\n                \t\t<\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Monday, 28 February 2022 at 12:00 am<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>The barrier between the Soviet Union and the West after WW2 was the \u2018Iron Curtain\u2019, with the Communists on one side and the capitalist democracies on the other.<\/p>\n<p>The term referred to both the physical blockade that ran for thousands of miles across Europe \u2013 including the intimidating <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/20th-century\/berlin-wall-history-facts-fall-why-built-destroyed-how-long-deaths-killed-graffiti-east-west-life-today\/&quot;\">Berlin Wall<\/a> \u2013 and the ideological barrier.<\/p>\n<section class=\"&quot;highlight\"><div class=\"&quot;highlight__content\" editor-content=\"\"> <h4><a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/general-history\/russia-invade-ukraine-history-relationship-crimea-why-conflict-facts\/&quot;\">Russia-Ukraine crisis: 9 milestone moments in history that explain today\u2019s invasion<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>Why is Ukraine being invaded, and what might Russia want from its neighbouring country? To make sense of the current crisis we must understand the history of the relationship between the two inextricably linked countries. Here, Professor Serhy Yekelchyk, an expert in Ukrainian history and Russian-Ukrainian relations, highlights <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/general-history\/russia-invade-ukraine-history-relationship-crimea-why-conflict-facts\/&quot;\"><strong>nine milestone moments<\/strong><\/a>\u2026<\/p>\n<p> <\/p><\/div> <div class=\"&quot;highlight__image-container&quot;\"> <div class=\"&quot;highlight__image&quot;\"> <div class=\"&quot;img-container\" img-container--highlight-image=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/GettyImages-515208036-d3479ea.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=556,556&quot;\" srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/GettyImages-515208036-d3479ea.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=1025,1025\" https:=\"\" sizes=\"&quot;(min-width:\" calc=\"\" width=\"&quot;556&quot;\" height=\"&quot;556&quot;\" class=\"&quot;img-container__image\" img-fluid=\"\" wp-image-198881=\"\" alignnone=\"\" size-highlight_image=\"\" img-container__image=\"\" alt=\"&quot;Russian\" civil=\"\" war=\"\" title=\"&quot;An\" armed=\"\" group=\"\" of=\"\" red=\"\" guards=\"\" mass=\"\" in=\"\" the=\"\" street=\"\" near=\"\" bolshevik=\"\" headquarters=\"\" petrograd=\"\" january=\"\" during=\"\" russian=\"\" war.=\"\" by=\"\" bettmann=\"\" via=\"\" getty=\"\" images=\"\"\/><\/div><\/div> <\/div> <\/section><p>The term was used long before the Cold War. Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Belgium, used the term to describe the political division between Belgium and Germany in 1914, and several authors employed the phrase throughout the early 20th century. Minister of Propaganda in Nazi Germany, Joseph Goebbels, was concerned about an iron curtain falling if Germany lost the war.<\/p>\n<h2>Which statesman popularised the term \u2018Iron Curtain\u2019 in a 1946 speech?<\/h2>\n<p>The term only became common parlance after a <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/churchills-greatest-speeches\/&quot;\">speech on 5 March 1946<\/a> by former British Prime Minster <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/facts-winston-churchill-prime-minister-speeches-clementine-childhood\/&quot;\">Winston Churchill<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Churchill had been invited to speak at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri, by President Harry Truman. In his speech, he condemned the expansionist policies of the Soviet Union: \u201cFrom Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"&quot;row&quot;\"> <div class=\"&quot;col-10\" offset-1=\"\"> <div class=\"&quot;embed&quot;\"> <div class=\"&quot;template-article__pullquote\" mt-md=\"\" mb-md=\"\"> <blockquote class=\"&quot;pullquote\" heading-4=\"\"> <span class=\"&quot;pullquote__icon\" pullquote__icon--left=\"\" icon-pullquote=\"\" data-grunticon-embed=\"\"\/>An iron curtain is drawn upon their front. We do not know what is going on behind.<span class=\"&quot;pullquote__icon\" pullquote__icon--right=\"\" icon-pullquote=\"\" data-grunticon-embed=\"\"\/> <footer class=\"&quot;pullquote__author\" body-copy-small=\"\">Winston Churchill<\/footer><\/blockquote> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div>\n<\/div> <p>It is unknown where Churchill picked up the phrase. He used it before the speech in telegrams and letters to Truman, including the ominous words in May 1945: \u201cAn iron curtain is drawn upon their front. We do not know what is going on behind.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Russian premier Joseph Stalin described the speech as \u201cwar mongering\u201d, but the Iron Curtain became an important definition in Cold War politics for the next 45 years.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>This content first appeared in <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/bbc-history-revealed-magazine\/&quot;\">BBC History Revealed<\/a><\/strong><br\/><\/em><\/p><\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Abigail Whyte Published: Monday, 28 February 2022 at 12:00 am The barrier between the Soviet Union and the West after WW2 was the \u2018Iron Curtain\u2019, with the Communists on one side and the capitalist democracies on the other. The term referred to both the physical blockade that ran for thousands of miles across Europe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":11179,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"2"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/02\/what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term.jpg",1024,678,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/02\/what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/02\/what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term-300x199.jpg",300,199,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/02\/what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term-768x509.jpg",768,509,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/02\/what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term.jpg",800,530,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/02\/what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term.jpg",1024,678,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/02\/what-does-iron-curtain-mean-and-who-popularised-the-term.jpg",1024,678,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Abigail Whyte Published: Monday, 28 February 2022 at 12:00 am The barrier between the Soviet Union and the West after WW2 was the \u2018Iron Curtain\u2019, with the Communists on one side and the capitalist democracies on the other. The term referred to both the physical blockade that ran for thousands of miles across Europe&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/11178"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}