{"id":28422,"date":"2023-09-16T07:06:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-16T05:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/?p=185817"},"modified":"2023-09-16T07:11:37","modified_gmt":"2023-09-16T05:11:37","slug":"16-september-on-this-day-in-history","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/rss_feed\/16-september-on-this-day-in-history\/","title":{"rendered":"16 September: On this day in history"},"content":{"rendered":"

What events happened on 16 September in history? We round up the events, births and deaths\u2026 <\/p>

By Elinor Evans\n \t\t<\/p>

Published: Saturday, 16 September 2023 at 05:06 AM<\/p>

\n\n

16 September 1400: Welsh rebels launch revolt to fight back against English rule<\/h3>\n

Owain Glynd\u0175r is proclaimed Prince of Wales during an uprising that lasts for 12 years <\/em><\/p>\n

In September 1400, Owain Glynd\u0175r<\/a> was smouldering with anger. Born some four decades earlier to a landed family in the Welsh Marches, Glynd\u0175r had been involved in a land dispute with a fellow nobleman, Baron Grey de Ruthin. Until recently, the dispute had been delicately poised. But a year earlier, Richard II, who enjoyed strong support in Wales, had been overthrown by Henry Bolingbroke, who later became Henry IV<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Unfortunately for Glynd\u0175r, Henry and Grey were good friends, and the latter seized the opportunity to occupy Glynd\u0175r\u2019s land. What\u2019s more, Grey deliberately failed to pass on a royal summons to join Henry\u2019s campaign against the Scots \u2013 which meant that technically Glynd\u0175r was guilty of treason.<\/p>\n

On 16 September 1400 Glynd\u0175r took desperate action. Summoning his friends to his Denbighshire estate of Glyndyfrdwy, he was proclaimed Prince of Wales. According to an English jury, the rebels pledged themselves to kill Henry and stamp out the English language. Then they proceeded \u201cin warlike fashion like enemies\u201d to Ruthin, which they sacked and plundered.<\/p>\n

So began the Welsh Revolt, the bloodiest rising against English rule for more than a century. By 1403 much of Wales was in open rebellion, and the following year thousands of French troops landed at Milford Haven in support. The fortunes of war ebbed and flowed \u2013 a bewildering succession of sieges, captures, ransoms and escapes \u2013 until 1415 when English rule was returned to Wales.<\/p>\n

Even Glynd\u0175r\u2019s fate is uncertain, though one chronicler recorded that he died in 1415. \u201cAfter four years in hiding from the king and the realm,\u201d wrote Adam of Usk, \u201cOwain Glyndw\u02c6 r died, and was buried by his followers in the darkness of night\u201d. | Written by Dominic Sandbrook<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

16 September 1620: Pilgrim Fathers set sail for America<\/h3>\n

Pioneers make a daring voyage in search of a new life in Massachusetts<\/em><\/p>\n

At the beginning of September 1620, the Puritan community later known as the Pilgrim Fathers were becoming increasingly impatient.<\/p>\n

More than a dozen years earlier, their separatist congregation had moved from eastern England to the Dutch city of Leiden. But partly because they struggled with the language, and also because they were worried that their children were becoming Dutch, they had decided on a radical new venture: to build a new world on the shores of North America.<\/p>\n

By August 1620 the Pilgrims were ready to leave, and they had leased two ships, the\u00a0Speedwell<\/em>\u00a0and the\u00a0Mayflower<\/em>. But then \u2013 disaster struck. When they set sail on the fifth of the month, the\u00a0Speedwell<\/em>\u00a0began to leak, forcing them to turn back to Plymouth. Here some of the passengers lost enthusiasm, but eventually the organisers managed to cram more than 100 settlers onto the\u00a0Mayflower<\/em>. Now they waited for the wind.<\/p>\n

On 16 September the Pilgrims \u201cput to sea again with a prosperous wind, which continued diverse days together\u201d, as recalled the future governor of the new colony, William Bradford. Alas, many of them were afflicted by sea-sickness, and they also had to put up with abuse from one of the sailors, clearly not a fan, who told them that \u201che hoped to help to cast half of them over board before they came to their journey\u2019s end\u201d. Fortunately, added Bradford, \u201cit pleased God\u2026 to smite this young man with a grievous disease, of which he died in a desperate manner\u201d.<\/p>\n

And at last on 9 November the Pilgrims sighted land: the New World of their dreams. | Written by Dominic Sandbrook<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

16 September 1622<\/h3>\n

Imperialist troops under Johann, Count of Tilly captured Heidelberg during the Thirty Years\u2019 War<\/a>.\u00a0The town\u2019s castle surrendered a few days later. Sir Gerard Herbert, the commander of Heidelberg\u2019s garrison, was mortally wounded.<\/p>\n\n

16 September 1701<\/h3>\n

Living in exile in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, near Paris, England\u2019s last Catholic monarch, James II and VII<\/a>, suffers a severe stroke and dies at the age of 67. His heart, entrails and brain are divided between various Catholic religious institutions, and the Jacobite succession passes to his son James Francis Edward, the Old Pretender.<\/p>\n\n

16 September 1911<\/h3>\n

English mountaineer and engraver Edward Whymper died at Chamonix aged 71.\u00a0On 14 July 1865 he was a member of the first party to climb the Matterhorn but the achievement was clouded by the deaths of four of the group after the rope tying them together snapped on the descent. In 1871 Whymper published\u00a0Scrambles Amongst the Alps<\/em>, a bestselling account of his mountaineering adventures. Whymper was awarded the Royal Geographical Society\u2019s patron\u2019s medal in 1892.<\/p>\n

Browse more\u00a0On this day in history<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n