{"id":34425,"date":"2024-03-19T17:10:27","date_gmt":"2024-03-19T16:10:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/?p=263753"},"modified":"2024-03-20T09:11:40","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T08:11:40","slug":"elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/rss_feed\/elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cElizabeth was certainly no feminist\u201d: Tracy Borman on the Elizabethans"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"> Tracy Borman, who is teaching our new HistoryExtra Academy course, shares five surprising facts about life during the reign of the Virgin Queen <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Tracy Borman\n                \t\t<\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Tuesday, 19 March 2024 at 16:10 PM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body> <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"listicle\">\n<p><span class=\"listicle__count\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"listicle__title heading-3\">Elizabeth was certainly no feminist<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<p>Although she is often hailed as a feminist icon, Elizabeth I was deeply conventional in her views of the female sex. In the most famous of her speeches, delivered as the Armada threatened England\u2019s shores, she regretfully observed: \u201cI know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman.\u201d She made many similar remarks during the course of her long reign and constantly referred to herself in masculine terms to assert her authority. For her contemporaries, this neatly explained the otherwise nonsensical idea that a woman was ruling over them \u2013 and doing a damned fine job of it: Elizabeth must have the body of a woman, but the mind of a man. There was even a rumour that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/membership\/who-shot-jfk-was-elizabeth-i-a-man-did-aliens-land-at-roswell\/\">she was really a man in disguise<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In part, of course, Elizabeth was playing her misogynistic courtiers at their own game, pretending that she shared their regret that a woman was ruling over them when everyone knew that men were the superior sex.<\/p>\n<p>But if <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/elizabethan\/elizabeth-i-love-life-was-she-virgin-queen-robert-dudley-earl-essex\/\">the Virgin Queen<\/a> secretly prided herself on her own abilities, that did not extend to her view of the female sex in general. In 1597, when a foreign visitor to court complimented her upon her ability to speak many languages, she retorted: \u201cIt was no marvel to teach a woman to talk; it were far harder to teach her to hold her tongue.\u201d She also strictly limited the number of women at her court. There was only room for one Queen Bee in the hive.<\/p>\n<section class=\"highlight \"> <div class=\"highlight__content editor-content\"> <h4>The Elizabethans | A short course from <em>HistoryExtra<\/em> Academy<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Member exclusive |<\/strong> In this four-week course, you\u2019ll discover everything you need to know about the life and reign of Elizabeth I, guided by historian and broadcaster Professor Tracy Borman<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/academy\/\">Explore the course now<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <\/p><\/div> <div class=\"highlight__image-container\"> <div class=\"highlight__image\"> <div class=\"img-container img-container--highlight-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-ElizabethansSQ-5b5d9fa.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=556,556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-ElizabethansSQ-5b5d9fa.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=410,410 410w, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-ElizabethansSQ-5b5d9fa.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=205,205 205w, \" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) 615px, (min-width: 768px) 410px, (min-width: 576px) 205px, calc(100vw - 20px)\" width=\"556\" height=\"556\" class=\"img-container__image img-fluid wp-image-263757 alignnone size-highlight_image img-container__image\" alt=\"HEXA Social ElizabethansSQ\" title=\"HEXA Social ElizabethansSQ\"\/><\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <\/section> <p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"listicle\">\n<p><span class=\"listicle__count\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"listicle__title heading-3\">Elizabethans kept themselves clean<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<p>Elizabeth I once declared that she would take a bath once a month \u201cwhether she needed it or no\u201d. Her contemporaries considered this excessive. The leading physicians of the day cautioned against regular bathing in hot water because it opened the pores and allowed deadly diseases such as the sweating sickness to enter the body. This has led to the (understandable) assumption that the Elizabethans stank to high heaven.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, personal hygiene was very important to Elizabeth and her subjects. To be considered respectable, one had to smell \u2018sweet\u2019, which meant that body odour was something to be dealt with, not ignored. Because of the perceived perils of bathing, people focused instead on keeping their clothes clean. Linen was the favoured material for undergarments because it drew the sweat, grease and dirt from the body. An early 17th-century verse, <em>The Praise of Cleane Linnen<\/em>, asserted that without it, \u201cthou would\u2019st stink above ground like a beast\u201d.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Read more | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/elizabethan\/elizabethan-era-when-what-life-like-golden-age\/\">The Elizabethan era: your guide to life during the \u2018Golden Age\u2019<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Members of the royal family had dozens of linen undergarments and would change several times a day. So, if you approached the Virgin Queen herself, you certainly wouldn\u2019t have to hold your nose.<\/p>\n<div class=\"image-handler__container image-handler__container--aspect\" style=\"padding-bottom: calc(100% \/ 1.501210653753);\"> <picture> <source media=\"(max-width: 320px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=171%2C199, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=343%2C399 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=515%2C599 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=687%2C799 4x\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 320px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=171%2C199, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=343%2C399 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=515%2C599 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=687%2C799 4x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 375px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=203%2C236, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=406%2C472 2x, 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425px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=231%2C269, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=464%2C539 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=696%2C809 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=928%2C1079 4x\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 425px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=231%2C269, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=464%2C539 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=696%2C809 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=928%2C1079 4x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 589px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=317%2C369, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=635%2C738 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=952%2C1107 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=1270%2C1476 4x\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 589px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=317%2C369, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=635%2C738 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=952%2C1107 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=1270%2C1476 4x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=355%2C413, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=711%2C826 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=1066%2C1239 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=1421%2C1652 4x\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=355%2C413, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=711%2C826 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=1066%2C1239 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=1421%2C1652 4x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=233%2C271, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=467%2C543 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=701%2C815 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=935%2C1087 4x\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=233%2C271, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=467%2C543 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=701%2C815 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=935%2C1087 4x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 590px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=318%2C370, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=637%2C740 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=956%2C1111 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=1274%2C1481 4x\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 590px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=318%2C370, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=637%2C740 2x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=956%2C1111 3x, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=1274%2C1481 4x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <img class=\"wp-image-263756 align size-landscape_thumbnail image-handler__image image-handler__image--aspect no-wrap js-lazyload\" srcset=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/VEI00278085-CMYK-ca9e494.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=355%2C413\" width=\"620\" height=\"413\" alt=\"A group of bathers in a 16th-century engraving. Elizabethans invested a great deal of effort in smelling \u2018sweet\u2019.\" title=\"A group of bathers in a 16th-century engraving. Elizabethans invested a great deal of effort in smelling \u2018sweet\u2019. (Photo by Topfoto)\"\/>\n<\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/picture>\n<\/div><div class=\"caption-hold\"><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span class=\"caption-copy\"><i class=\"icon-arrow icon-camera-circle\"\/> A group of bathers in a 16th-century engraving. Elizabethans invested a great deal of effort in smelling \u2018sweet\u2019. (Photo by Topfoto)<\/span><\/figcaption><span class=\"im-image-caption\"\/><\/div>\n<div class=\"listicle\">\n<p><span class=\"listicle__count\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"listicle__title heading-3\">The Elizabethan era wasn\u2019t quite as golden as you might think<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>There is a tendency to see post-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/membership\/the-spanish-armada-englands-lucky-escape\/\">Armada England<\/a> as a golden age, with \u2018Good Queen Bess\u2019 presiding over a time of peace and prosperity.<\/p>\n<p>But the late 1590s were also marked by war-weariness, inflation, high taxation, poor harvests and plague. There was a corresponding rise in social unrest. Although she had gloried in her navy\u2019s victory over the Spanish in 1588, Elizabeth was slow to pay the sailors and many of them resorted to begging on the streets.<\/p>\n<p>Nor was everything rosy at the heart of royal power. \u201cThe court was very much neglected,\u201d observed one of its members, \u201cand in effect the people were generally weary of an old woman\u2019s government.\u201d Having outlived almost all of those who had served her in the early years of the reign, \u2018Gloriana\u2019 was surrounded by a new generation of courtiers \u2013 flatterers and \u2018flouting wenches\u2019 \u2013 who privately scoffed at the \u201ccrooked carcass\u201d of the ageing queen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>When <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/elizabethan\/7-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-elizabeth-i\/\">Elizabeth died in March 1603<\/a>, there was widespread rejoicing among her subjects that a king now sat on the throne. They would soon realise the truth of the old adage: \u2018Be careful what you wish for\u2019.<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"listicle\">\n<p><span class=\"listicle__count\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"listicle__title heading-3\">All of Elizabeth\u2019s most dangerous rivals were women<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>From the moment she took the crown, Elizabeth was besieged by the threat of rival claimants. She was, technically, illegitimate, as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/tudor\/anne-boleyn-facts-elizabeth-henry-wife-birth-death\/\">Henry VIII had annulled his marriage to Anne Boleyn<\/a>. Her religion provided a further excuse for Catholic powers both within England and across Europe to try to supplant this \u2018heretical\u2019 queen with a candidate of their own.<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Ironically, in this male-dominated age, all the leading contenders for the English throne were female. Descended from Henry VIII\u2019s sisters, they were also cousins of the new queen. Foremost among them was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/tudor\/mary-queen-of-scots-life-death-rule-facts-biography\/\">Mary, Queen of Scots<\/a>, granddaughter of Henry VIII\u2019s elder sister, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/tudor\/margaret-tudor-the-forgotten-tudor\/\">Margaret Tudor<\/a>. Lady Margaret Douglas, daughter of Margaret Tudor, was another potential claimant.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Read more | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/tudor\/lettice-knollys-elizabeth-i-nemesis-enemy-robert-dudley-love-triangle\/\">A Tudor love triangle: Elizabeth I, Lettice Knollys and Robert Dudley<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>However, Henry had excluded this branch of his family from inheriting the throne, so it was the descendants of his younger sister, Mary, who at first seemed to<br\/>\npose more of a threat. Elizabeth had already witnessed an attempt to place a member of this latter branch upon the throne. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/tudor\/who-was-lady-jane-grey-facts-about-nine-day-queen-execution-death\/\">Lady Jane Grey<\/a>, the \u2018Nine Days Queen\u2019, had briefly supplanted Elizabeth\u2019s sister, Mary, but had paid with her head. She had left two sisters still living: Katherine and Mary Grey remained a thorn in Elizabeth\u2019s side for years.<\/p>\n<div class=\"listicle\">\n<p><span class=\"listicle__count\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"listicle__title heading-3\">Elizabeth may not have wanted James to succeed her<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<p>Elizabeth doggedly refused to name a successor, fearing that as soon as she did, all eyes would turn to them and she herself would be neglected. According to the queen\u2019s earliest biographer, William Camden, it was only on her deathbed that she settled the matter. When asked by one of her advisors if her closest blood relative, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/membership\/james-vi-and-i-life-of-the-week-podcast-joe-ellis\/\">James VI of Scotland<\/a>, should succeed her, she lifted her thin, wasted hand up to her head and slowly drew a circle around it to indicate a crown \u2013 and thus her assent.<\/p>\n<p>This scene has been recounted numerous times, as has the smooth transition from the Tudor to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/stuart\/facts-about-stuarts-royals-mary-queen-scots-witchcraft\/\">Stuart dynasty<\/a>. But new analysis of Camden\u2019s original manuscript conducted by the British Library has revealed that the real story was altogether more turbulent. Among the findings are that Elizabeth probably died without naming James (or anyone else) as her heir and that Camden rewrote his account to make the Stuart succession look more predetermined than it actually was.<\/p>\n<p>In truth, Elizabeth wanted to keep her court and kingdom guessing not just up to, but beyond her last breath.<\/p>\n<p><strong>This article was first published in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/bbc-history-magazine\/\">April 2024 issue of BBC History Magazine.<\/a> Tracy Borman teaches our HistoryExtra Academy course on the Elizabethans. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/academy\/elizabethans-course\/\">Find out more<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"image-handler__container image-handler__container--aspect\" style=\"padding-bottom: calc(100% \/ 1.501210653753);\"> <picture> <source media=\"(max-width: 320px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=299%2C199, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=45&amp;resize=599%2C399 2x\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 320px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=299%2C199, https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=45&amp;resize=599%2C399 2x\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 375px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=354%2C236\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 375px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=354%2C236\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 425px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=404%2C269\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 425px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=404%2C269\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 589px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=554%2C369\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(max-width: 589px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=554%2C369\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C413\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 992px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C413\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=407%2C271\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=407%2C271\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 590px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=555%2C370\" type=\"image\/webp\"> <source media=\"(min-width: 590px)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=555%2C370\" type=\"image\/jpeg\"> <img class=\"wp-image-263758 align size-landscape_thumbnail image-handler__image image-handler__image--aspect no-wrap js-lazyload\" srcset=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2024\/03\/HEXA-Social-Elizabethans-WL-95852ac.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C413\" width=\"620\" height=\"413\" alt=\"HEXA Social Elizabethans WL\" title=\"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/academy\/elizabethans-course\/\"\/>\n<\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/picture>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> Tracy Borman, who is teaching our new HistoryExtra Academy course, shares five surprising facts about life during the reign of the Virgin Queen <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":34426,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"6"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/03\/elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans.jpg",619,413,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/03\/elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/03\/elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/03\/elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans.jpg",619,413,false],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/03\/elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans.jpg",619,413,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/03\/elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans.jpg",619,413,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/03\/elizabeth-was-certainly-no-feminist-tracy-borman-on-the-elizabethans.jpg",619,413,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Tracy Borman, who is teaching our new HistoryExtra Academy course, shares five surprising facts about life during the reign of the Virgin 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