{"id":8413,"date":"2022-01-07T07:05:14","date_gmt":"2022-01-07T06:05:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/?p=196354"},"modified":"2022-01-07T07:24:10","modified_gmt":"2022-01-07T06:24:10","slug":"a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/rss_feed\/a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation\/","title":{"rendered":"A martyr and a hero? How Munich \u2013 The Edge of War tries to soften Neville Chamberlain\u2019s rotten reputation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"><\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Kev Lochun\n                \t\t<\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Friday, 07 January 2022 at 12:00 am<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>The Munich conference \u2013 a two-day summit in the Bavarian city in September 1938 at which Britain and France tamely rubber-stamped <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/adolf-hitler-fuhrer-facts-guide-rise-nazi-dictator-biography-pictures\/&quot;\">Adolf Hitler<\/a>\u2019s dismemberment of Czechoslovakia \u2013 has become shorthand for shame, humiliation, and the culmination of the <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/did-appeasement-cause-second-world-war-policy-how-why\/&quot;\">appeasement policy<\/a> vainly pursued by Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain\u2019s government.<\/p>\n<p>The disastrous consequences of the <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/munich-agreement-appeasement-crisis-chamberlain-hitler\/&quot;\">Munich Agreement<\/a> \u2013 a demonstration of weakness by the Western Allies that emboldened Hitler to step up his aggression and brought the <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/why-did-the-second-world-war-happen\/&quot;\">beginning of WW2 only a year later<\/a> \u2013 were such that the name has been used ever since, in crises <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/20th-century\/suez-crisis-explained-suez-canal-crisis-gamal-abdel-nasser\/&quot;\">from Suez<\/a> to the <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/20th-century\/falklands-war-history-facts-what-happened\/&quot;\">Falklands<\/a> and the Iraq war, as a byword for a feeble failure to stand up to brutal dictators.<\/p>\n<p>There is, however, another reading of Munich, and this is the one delivered by new film <em>Munich \u2013The Edge of War<\/em>. Faithful to a fault to the 2017 Robert Harris novel on which it is based, the January 2022 movie sees Munich as the moment when Whitehall finally awoke to the evil of Nazism, and portrays the elderly Chamberlain as an almost saintly figure ready to martyr himself in the cause of peace.<\/p>\n<hr\/><h2>Munich \u2013 The Edge of War Trailer: get a glimpse of the film<\/h2>\n<iframe title=\"&quot;Munich\" the=\"\" edge=\"\" of=\"\" war=\"\" official=\"\" trailer=\"\" netflix=\"\" width=\"&quot;200&quot;\" height=\"&quot;113&quot;\" src=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/AQ7x8odi-OU?feature=oembed&quot;\" frameborder=\"&quot;0&quot;\" allow=\"&quot;accelerometer;\" autoplay=\"\" clipboard-write=\"\" encrypted-media=\"\" gyroscope=\"\" picture-in-picture=\"\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/>\n<hr\/><p>With the veteran British star Jeremy Irons giving a definitive and eerily lookalike performance as Chamberlain, <em>Munich \u2013The Edge of War<\/em> presents a powerful and persuasive case that the hapless prime minister was more sinned against than sinning, who sacrificed his political credibility in a bid to save millions from the horrors of war. From a historical perspective, this reading may make for great human drama, but it is seriously misleading.<\/p>\n<p>The film makes the revisionist case for Chamberlain all the more convincing because of its attention to detail. The black uniforms and vintage cars are immaculate, and the polished jackboots of the SS thugs gleam. The scarlet swastika flags flap from the real F\u00fchrerbau itself \u2013 the actual Munich building (now a Music college) where the sell-out of the Czechs and Slovaks was signed. The characters smoke incessantly, just like they did back in 1938. No expense has been spared to lend the film an air of authenticity in this handsome Anglo-German production.<\/p>\n<ul><li><strong>Read more | <a class=\"&quot;standard-card-new__article-title&quot;\" href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/how-why-sanskrit-symbol-become-nazi-swastika-svastika\/&quot;\">Why did Hitler choose the swastika, and how did a Sanskrit symbol become a Nazi emblem?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul><h3><strong>Were Hugh Legat and Paul von Hartmann real?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The fictional gloss on the real historical story is provided by the film\u2019s two youthful central characters. Diplomat Hugh Legat\u00a0(played by George MacKay) is tasked by SIS\/MI6 to meet his old Oxford university friend Paul von Hartmann (Jannis Niew\u00f6hner) at Munich and smuggle back explosive documents exposing Hitler\u2019s secret plans to dominate Europe by force.<\/p>\n<div class=\"&quot;image-handler__container\" image-handler__container--aspect=\"\" style=\"&quot;padding-bottom:\" calc=\"\"> <picture><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=299%2C199,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=299%2C199,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=354%2C236&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=354%2C236&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=404%2C269&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=404%2C269&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=554%2C369&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=554%2C369&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C413&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C413&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=407%2C271&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=407%2C271&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=555%2C370&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=555%2C370&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><img class=\"&quot;wp-image-196365\" align=\"\" size-landscape_thumbnail=\"\" image-handler__image=\"\" image-handler__image--aspect=\"\" no-wrap=\"\" js-lazyload=\"\" data-src=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/7\/2022\/01\/M38_20201111_Unit_01377-1e2aea8-e1641396388617.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C413&quot;\" width=\"&quot;620&quot;\" height=\"&quot;413&quot;\" alt=\"&quot;George\" mackay=\"\" as=\"\" hugh=\"\" legat=\"\" and=\"\" jannis=\"\" niewohner=\"\" paul=\"\" hartman=\"\" in=\"\" munich=\"\" edge=\"\" of=\"\" war=\"\" by=\"\" frederic=\"\" batier=\"\" title=\"&quot;George\"\/><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/picture><\/div><div class=\"&quot;caption-hold&quot;\"><figcaption class=\"&quot;wp-caption-text&quot;\"><span class=\"&quot;caption-copy&quot;\"><i class=\"&quot;icon-arrow\" icon-camera-circle=\"\"\/> George MacKay as Hugh Legat and Jannis Niewohner as Paul Hartman in Munich \u2013 Edge of War (Photo by Frederic Batier\/Netflix)<\/span><\/figcaption><span class=\"&quot;im-image-caption&quot;\"\/><\/div>\n<p>Von Hartmann \u2013 who is loosely based on the real-life anti-Nazi diplomat Adam von Trott \u2013 is being shadowed\u00a0by Sauer (August Diehl), a suspicious and sinister SS man. Much of the film\u2019s action centres around the attempts by the two friends to shake off Sauer, and show the stolen documents to Chamberlain to persuade him that Hitler is a madman bent on war, and that dealing with the F\u00fchrer is a futile waste of time.<\/p>\n<p>Naturally, it is the privilege of both novelist and filmmaker to bend and shape history to fit the demands of their stories. Robert Harris and the film\u2019s German director Christian Schwochow have skilfully woven real people and events into their fiction \u2013 but have also taken forgivable liberties with the true facts.<\/p>\n<ul><li><strong>Read more | <a class=\"&quot;standard-card-new__article-title&quot;\" href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/neville-chamberlain-is-underestimated-argues-author-robert-harris\/&quot;\">Neville Chamberlain is underestimated, argues author Robert Harris<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul><h3><strong>Was there a plot against Hitler in 1938?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>As the film shows, there was a real conspiracy by anti-Nazi officers and officials in 1938 to oust Hitler in a putsch, if only the Allies had stood up to him at Munich. There was also a real secret protocol, the Hossbach Memorandum, in which Hitler set out his war plans. And Adam von Trott did indeed meet Chamberlain \u2013 though not at Munich but at Chequers, the country house of the prime minister in Buckinghamshire, and then only in June 1939 when it was too late, after Hitler had torn up the Munich deal, occupied Bohemia and Moravia, and set the world on the road to war. The real von Trott, too \u2013 though destined to be hanged by the Nazis \u2013 was a German nationalist who, like Hitler, thought that Czechoslovakia had no right to exist.<\/p>\n<p>This film presents history in bright primary colours with no nuanced shades of grey, and as such anyone hoping here for detailed dissection of the what-ifs and might-have-beens of Munich will be disappointed. The agonised indecision of the anti-Nazi resistance on whether to assassinate Hitler or merely arrest him, which so often paralysed their plotting, is hinted at, but not really addressed.<\/p>\n<p>Nor do the Czechs themselves \u2013 whose very existence was at stake\u00a0\u2013 get even a walk-on part in the movie. In real history, their envoys in Munich were banned from the conference that was deciding their future and divvying up their country. Instead, the limelight falls squarely on Chamberlain, and this is where perhaps the greatest issue lies.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Was Neville Chamberlain really a hero? <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Unlike the thoughtful and sensitive soul so brilliantly portrayed on screen by Irons, the real Chamberlain was a vain, vindictive and supremely arrogant man with a sublime \u2013 and deluded \u2013 belief that he could outwit Hitler. Chamberlain\u2019s revisionist apologists argue that his capitulation to Hitler at Munich was a sad necessity as it brought Britain precious time: a bare year in which to build up the RAF\u2019s fighter plane defences. This was a rearmament programme that, ironically, Chamberlain had himself approved when he had been Chancellor.<\/p>\n<p>This line of argument ignores the inconvenient truth that Chamberlain returned from Munich waving his <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/qa-what-was-written-on-neville-chamberlains-piece-of-paper\/&quot;\">piece of paper<\/a>, convinced that he had won a great diplomatic victory ensuring that there would never need to be a war. This delusion that he could trust Hitler, bolstered by the relieved acclaim of cheering crowds, was to be rudely shattered only six months later when Hitler broke his solemn word and, in the rueful words of the prime minister in the film\u2019s script, left a crestfallen Chamberlain \u201clooking like a fool\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Entertaining and visually atmospheric though it is, and with Ulrich Matthes (who played Goebbels in 2004 WW2 film <em>Downfall<\/em>) promoted to play a mesmerising F\u00fchrer, nonetheless <em>Munich \u2013 The Edge of War<\/em> falls short of doing for Chamberlain what 2017\u2019s <em>Darkest Hour<\/em> did for <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.historyextra.com\/period\/second-world-war\/facts-winston-churchill-prime-minister-speeches-clementine-childhood\/&quot;\">Winston Churchill<\/a> \u2013 making the \u201cworm\u201d (Hitler\u2019s own insult) a hero to generations who have hardly heard of him. For all its fine acting, the film leaves the poor old prime minister\u2019s tattered reputation much where it was. It\u2019s difficult to make a drama out of a crisis that turned into such a miserable defeat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nigel Jones is a historian and author. His books include the <em>Hitler\u2019s Heralds<\/em> (Lume, 2021), and <em>Countdown to Valkyrie: the July Plot to assassinate Hitler<\/em> (Frontline, 2008). His next book, <em>Kitty\u2019s Salon: Sex, Spying and Surveillance in the Third Reich<\/em>, written with Urs Brunner and Dr Julia Schrammel, will be published by Bonnier next year. He leads tours of Munich and Nazi Germany for the Cultural Experience travel company<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Munich \u2013 The Edge of War is in cinemas from 7 January 2022 and arrives on Netflix on 22 January 2022<\/strong><\/em><\/p><\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Kev Lochun Published: Friday, 07 January 2022 at 12:00 am The Munich conference \u2013 a two-day summit in the Bavarian city in September 1938 at which Britain and France tamely rubber-stamped Adolf Hitler\u2019s dismemberment of Czechoslovakia \u2013 has become shorthand for shame, humiliation, and the culmination of the appeasement policy vainly pursued by Prime [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":8414,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"6"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/01\/a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation.jpg",620,413,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/01\/a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/01\/a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/01\/a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation.jpg",620,413,false],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/01\/a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation.jpg",620,413,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/01\/a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation.jpg",620,413,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2022\/01\/a-martyr-and-a-hero-how-munich-the-edge-of-war-tries-to-soften-neville-chamberlains-rotten-reputation.jpg",620,413,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Kev Lochun Published: Friday, 07 January 2022 at 12:00 am The Munich conference \u2013 a two-day summit in the Bavarian city in September 1938 at which Britain and France tamely rubber-stamped Adolf Hitler\u2019s dismemberment of Czechoslovakia \u2013 has become shorthand for shame, humiliation, and the culmination of the appeasement policy vainly pursued by Prime&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/8413"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8414"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbchistory\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}