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Published: Thursday, 09 January 2025 at 15:16 PM
Lesser known piano concertos: 11 great works for soloist and orchestra you might not know
Since the invention of the piano in the late 17th century, composers have pitted the instrument against the might of the orchestra to create some of music’s greatest works. Piano concertos by Beethoven, Rachmaninov and Mozart are heard in concert halls around the world every day, but in among the big names lurk some less familiar faces – the likes of Malcolm Arnold, Alexander Glazunov and Witold Lutosławski to name but three…
How many other neglected masterpieces are there in the piano concerto repertoire? We ask ten of today’s top pianists which concerto they think has been undeservedly overlooked. And if you’re looking for a list of the truly greatest piano concertos of all time, those pianistic masterpieces that need no introduction, we’ve also got you covered.
Lesser known piano concertos
Chisholm: Piano Concerto No. 2
Also called the ‘Hindustani’ Concerto, Erik Chisholm’s Piano Concerto No. 2 (1949) is a unique work in the repertoire. Chisholm, a Scot who travelled the world, was a fine composer and wonderful pianist who really understood the instrument. His Concerto is like a distillation of his vast world musical knowledge – it uses Indian scales and rhythms as its building blocks, but the end result is something all his own.
It’s strikingly original: it is very well written for the piano and the orchestration is colourful and vibrant while also being well balanced against the solo instrument. The narrative is also effective – the whole piece has a wonderful shape to it.
Chosen by pianist Danny Driver
Saint-Saëns: Piano Concerto No. 4
There are two works in the French repertory for which I have a weak spot. One is Saint-Saëns’s Piano Concerto No. 4 in C minor, the other is César Franck’s Symphonic Variations for piano and orchestra. Both have quite banal tunes in them (at least at face value), but treated as they are by their respective composers, they are original and beautiful.
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The coda of the first movement of the Saint-Saëns Concerto is in particular one of those passages that haunts you, especially in the right hands (and no one played it better than Alfred Cortot many years ago).
Chosen by pianist Imogen Cooper
Medtner: Piano Concerto No. 2
A contemporary of Rachmaninov and Scriabin, the Russian composer Nikolai Medtner wrote three concertos, the second of which is my favourite. What is immediately striking about Medtner’s music is the way he takes a melody and develops it carefully throughout a piece. The Second Concerto is an energetic and entrancing work. The outer movements are ebullient and very rhythmic, and the slow movement is wonderfully lyrical.
Medtner was a pianist himself, so his music fits under the fingers. It’s enjoyable to perform because it sounds a lot more difficult than it really is! I think it is fair to say that Medtner’s music does not always make its strongest appeal at first, but once you get to know it, it is guaranteed to take hold of you.
Chosen by pianist Marc-André Hamelin
Kabalevsky: Piano Concerto No. 2
The composer and conductor Dmitri Kabalevsky (1904-87) wrote four piano concertos but I think the one that really stands out is his Second. It’s a large-scale virtuosic work, and it’s really quite dark. There are strong references to Prokofiev and Shostakovich – it has that irony, that slightly sardonic quality to it.
I’ve recorded all four Kabalevsky Concertos but nobody has ever asked me to play them and I’ve never seen the Second Piano Concerto programmed. And there’s no really good reason why. Kabalevsky wrote lots of things for children – I remember playing on of his pieces when I was six and he felt very strongly about music education.
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So it’s possible that people have grown up with an image of Kabalevsky as a slightly lightweight composer and haven’t been exposed to other things he’s written, which is a great shame. This would be a fantastic work for a young person really getting going on their first virtuosic concerto.
Chosen by pianist Kathryn Stott
Sæverud: Piano Concerto
I’ve played some very alternative-sounding concertos in my time, but the first that really springs to mind is the 1950 Concerto by the Norwegian composer Harald Sæverud. When I first saw the music of this piece, however, I couldn’t get the hang of it. It was only when I went to Norway and was taken to see the fjords one autumn evening that I suddenly got it.
The scenery of this Concerto changes very dramatically, just like Norwegian scenery – sometimes it is very gentle water flowing through and then suddenly rocks are coming down and the rhythms become very awkward, almost deformed. And then you have an almost tearful melody, followed by a very dark passage in which you can almost see the mountain trolls. Sæverud is very Norwegian – although his music is atonal, his melodies are quite simple to understand.
Chosen by pianist Noriko Ogawa
More wonderful but lesser known piano concertos
Żeleński: Piano Concerto (1903)
Władysław Żeleński’s only Piano Concerto has everything: big sweeping melodies that are also really quite haunting, lots of bravura piano writing – including double octaves and a very impressive cadenza in the first movement – and some interesting parts for the orchestra as well. It’s not just a vehicle for the soloist to show off.
It’s hugely Romantic – I would say it’s primarily quite Brahmsian, but with some touches of Chopinesque filigree writing – and some of the themes also have a very Slavic feel. It is a very well orchestrated piece too. There are some concertos where the pianist has fistfuls of notes and is banging away at fff, but you can’t even hear the instrument above the big melody in the orchestra. Here, in contrast, you can almost always hear the soloist.
Chosen by pianist Jonathan Plowright
Medtner: Piano Concerto No. 1
I’m surprised that Medtner’s Piano Concerto No. 1 is so seldom played. It was Vladimir Horowitz’s favourite Medtner piano concerto and he even contemplated recording it – had he done so, I have no doubt his works would be among the piano mainstream repertoire.
And, as Rachmaninov said to Medtner: ‘You are, in my opinion, the greatest composer of our time.’ So why is it so rarely performed? The trouble is, as with all Medtner’s music, is that it hits one only after repeated listening, as the melodies are complex and the textures are dense – it takes time for the ear and mind to adjust and appreciate all the subtleties the music has to offer.
From both pianistic and the listener’s points of view, the Concerto offers everything one can hope for: sweeping melodies, drama, virtuosity, introspective moments, rich orchestration and vivid interaction between soloist and orchestra. If only it wasn’t so incredibly difficult to play…
Chosen by pianist Yevgeny Sudbin
Bliss: Piano Concerto
Arthur Bliss as a composer is worthy of more recognition generally, but I genuinely don’t understand why his Piano Concerto isn’t played more often. It’s a massive work in three huge movements in the grand 19th-century tradition of very big rhetorical gestures – but it has an acerbity all its own.
The work was written in that period just before the Second World War and it’s always struck me that it deserves better than its almost complete neglect. I recorded it for my British Piano Concertos series and of the works included, I think it’s my favourite. It opens with a grand flourish in the orchestra followed by a huge cadenza before the main tutti.
Harmonically, it reminds me of that 20th-century Russian acerbity that you find in Prokofiev. The final movement has a very difficult Toccata for the piano and orchestra together and the excitement of it is phenomenal. I think Bliss is at his very best in the Piano Concerto.
Chosen by pianist Peter Donohoe
Busoni: Piano Concerto
It was a huge thrill to perform Busoni’s Piano Concerto at Carnegie Hall in December 2012. It is a huge piece that Alfred Brendel once described as ‘monstrously overwritten’. It has everything imaginable – a tremendous nobility and dignity while remaining brilliantly fun. It’s like the native Italian and German-influenced sides of Busoni have combined.
He created a pictorial representation of the concerto that shows the movements as three temples (first, third and fifth), an exotic bird (second), and the eruption of Vesuvius (fourth). But while it’s vast, the Busoni Piano Concerto is also a very modest piece. So much of the piano line remains hidden as part of the orchestral texture.
Edward Dent once said of it that, ‘the piano part is like Busoni sitting at the piano, listening, commenting, decorating and dreaming.’ The thrill comes from the sheer scale of it, and from how utterly sincere and heartfelt it is.
Chosen by pianist Piers Lane
Hiller: Piano Concerto No. 2
I can wholeheartedly recommend the Second Piano Concerto of Ferdinand Hiller. Written at around the same time as the great concertos by Schumann and Grieg, it’s a confident and taut work that fulfils all one expects of a Romantic piano concerto – a heroic quality, a balance of virtuosity and soulful writing, the dramatic integration of piano and orchestra, tunefulness, passion and repose.
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Chosen by pianist Howard Shelley
Scott: Piano Concerto No. 1
Moving into the 20th century, while considering Kenneth Leighton’s Third or Herbert Howells’s First Concerto, I’d like to suggest the impressionistically beautiful Piano Concerto No. 1 by Cyril Scott. A Liverpudlian who studied in Frankfurt from the age of 12, Scott’s very successful early career as a composer was interrupted by the First World War, and a series of engagements across Europe where he would have premiered this work were cancelled.
Debussy was a great admirer, and there are times listening to this work when you feel that it’s a work he could have written. It’s a fabulous work of great sensuousness, drama and charm.
Chosen by pianist Howard Shelley
This article originally appeared in the July 2013 issue of BBC Music Magazine