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Published: Wednesday, 22 January 2025 at 11:36 AM
Chopin and George Sand: passion, creativity, heartbreak
The relationship between the composer Frédéric Chopin and the writer George Sand has always provoked curiosity. When Sand first met Chopin, in 1836, her novels were attracting notoriety for their advanced social ideas, particularly on the emancipation of women. She wore men’s clothing and smoked cigars – outward symbols of equality.
A madcap adventure
Some biographers have seen George Sand as a wholly negative influence on Chopin. But she gave him exactly the right domestic environment in which to compose and she cared for him at a time when his terminal illness had already begun to eat away his lungs.
When Sand planned their madcap adventure to Mallorca in the winter of 1838-39, she thought only to escape the rigours of the Paris climate and expose Chopin to some warm Mediterranean sunshine. She knew very little about the island, its inhabitants, its climate, but its mystery was all part of its appeal.
‘The sky is like turquoise, the air as in Heaven’
Chopin’s first sight of the island enchanted him. ‘The sky is like turquoise’, he wrote, ‘the sea is like emeralds, the air as in Heaven.’ The pair found accommodation in a deserted monastery in Valldemosa; part of the monastery is now a Chopin museum, and you can still see his Pleyel piano (shipped out from Paris) and some of his manuscripts.
Chopin completed his 24 Preludes, Op. 28 at Valldemosa, although not without difficulty. Paradise had meanwhile turned into purgatory: the damp winter weather had set in.
Chopin began to cough blood and his doctors spread gossip that he was consumptive. The local community grew hostile and villagers refused to serve Sand with essential provisions – she had to make nightmare journeys to Palma pushing a handcart along primitive roads.
‘This stupid, thieving and bigoted race’
After ten weeks the couple left Mallorca in the worst of weather, and Chopin was seasick all the way back to Barcelona. What should have been a romantic episode had turned into disillusion.
With Chopin and George Sand safely away from the island, the author later took her revenge on the Mallorcans. She gave a withering account of ‘this stupid, thieving and bigoted race’ in her book Un hiver à Majorque, 1838-39. As for Chopin, it was one of the most unproductive periods in his life.
Passion, creativity, heartbreak
The relationship between Chopin and George Sand is one of the most famous and complex love stories in the history of classical music and literature. Their near-decade-long relationship (1838–1847) profoundly influenced the lives of both, and was marked by passion, creativity, and eventual heartbreak.
A French novelist and memoirist, Sand was known for her progressive views on women’s rights, her unorthodox lifestyle, and her male pseudonym. Her novels, meanwhile, typically explored themes of love, independence, and social justice.
The couple first met in 1836, introduced by mutual friends. Their romance, however, began in 1838. Sand was the older of the two by six years, and was already a somewhat controversial figure in Parisian society thanks to her unconventional behaviour, which included dressing in men’s clothing and smoking cigars.
The composer and the author soon became inseparable, and it’s clear that their bond provided emotional support and stability for both. Chopin was in poor health, suffering from tuberculosis or a similar chronic illness, and Sand was a devoted nurse to the composer. For her part, she referred to Chopin as her ‘beloved little angel’.
The composer created some of his best-loved works during his time with George Sand, including Ballades, Scherzos, Polonaises, and the famous Funeral March from his Second Piano Sonata. Have a listen to this solemn, mournful masterpiece:
Over time, however, the relationship between Chopin and George Sand began to deteriorate, as differences in personality and priorities put a strain on things. Chopin’s illness made him both increasingly dependent on Sand, and ever more irritable. George Sand, for her part, began to find this nurse-cum-caretaker role burdensome. There were also disputes over , over Sand’s children, in particular her daughter Solange.
A bitter end… and a poison portrait
The relationship between Chopin and George Sand ended, finally and bitterly, in 1847. Her 1846 novel Lucrezia Floriani, which depicts a frail artist and his dependence on a strong, self-sacrificing woman, has been widely interpreted as a veiled critique of Chopin.
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