{"id":34944,"date":"2023-11-17T13:34:36","date_gmt":"2023-11-17T12:34:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/6a093bd4-6c37-4c2c-86e2-435cef7003cc"},"modified":"2023-11-17T13:40:06","modified_gmt":"2023-11-17T12:40:06","slug":"the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/rss_feed\/the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings\/","title":{"rendered":"The &#8216;Pink Peril&#8217;: Lili Boulanger, Gra\u017cyna Bacewicz, and glass ceilings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"><\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Katharine Dain\n      <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Friday, 17 November 2023 at 12:34 PM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p><strong>&#8216;Are you lost? This is a composition class, miss.&#8217;<\/strong><\/p><p>The year was 1928. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/grazyna-bacewicz\">Gra\u017cyna Bacewicz<\/a><\/strong> was 18 years old and no stranger to rigorous musical training. But, at the first meeting of a composition seminar at Warsaw Conservatory, her fellow students, all male, greeted her with the words above. How did she react? <\/p><p>&#8216;The jokes and snide remarks about me didn\u2019t last long, three weeks at most,&#8217; she wrote later. &#8216;Instinctively \u2014 because this wasn\u2019t deliberate \u2014 I adopted an attitude which must have restrained them. I simply paid no attention to their cutting remarks. Thus I took the wind out of their sails. We became great friends.&#8217;<\/p><p>Gra\u017cyna was soon to prove the most gifted of her cohort and became a hugely significant cultural figure in mid-20th century Poland. She was a talented violinist and concertmistress of the Polish Radio Symphony Orchestra in the years before WWII. However, her fiercest drive was for creation, not performance. <\/p><h3 id=\"h-this-fascinating-figure-remains-somewhat-in-the-shadows\">&#8216;This fascinating figure remains somewhat in the shadows&#8217;<\/h3><p>Bacewicz\u2019s music \u2014 marked by a discipline honed under <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/artists\/five-music-teachers-who-changed-the-face-of-western-classical-music\">Nadia Boulanger<\/a><\/strong>, with whom she studied in 1930s Paris \u2014 has its own distinctive character: harmonically neoclassical, rhythmically fresh and propulsive. She was prolific, universally respected, and as decorated in her lifetime, it seems, as any European female composer before <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/news\/composer-kaija-saariaho-has-died-aged-70\">Kaija Saariaho<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/works\/six-best-works-grazyna-bacewicz\">Bacewicz: six of her best works<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>And yet this fascinating figure remains somewhat in the shadows. I only started seriously listening to Bacewicz while researching repertoire for a song programme I was developing. The programme (which became an album entitled <em>Forget This Night<\/em>) was centered around <em>Clairi\u00e8res dans le ciel, <\/em>a stunning, infrequently-performed cycle by Lili Boulanger, and it had widened to include the passionate music of Karol Szymanowski. <\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe title=\"Katharine Dain &amp; Sam Armstrong: Forget This Night - promo video\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lnqe0Owb6wg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><p>When I bumped up against Bacewicz, I knew I\u2019d found the third compositional voice the programme needed \u2014 direct, expressive, fluidly vocal. Despite growing name recognition, her collected songs for voice and piano (all in Polish) were recorded for the first time only in 2022. Why are they so little known?<\/p><h3 id=\"h-neutrality-was-impossible\">&#8216;Neutrality was impossible&#8217;<\/h3><p>Bacewicz destroyed much of her vocal music in middle age. She was ruthlessly critical of her youthful songs and seemed to associate the genre with dusty aesthetic trappings of femininity. Instrumental pieces allowed more scope for development (artistically and professionally), so she focused on those until her death.<\/p><p>When I compared her professional choices to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/boulanger-lili\">Lili Boulanger<\/a><\/strong>\u2019s, I was struck anew by the conundrum faced by female creators of the 20th century. In addition to the normal artistic challenges their male peers also faced, they had to grapple with the creation of a public persona relative to the patriarchal expectations of their time. Neutrality was impossible. <\/p><p>Lili came of age in Paris as the French cultural establishment was reluctantly opening up to female contributors; she chose to play up her gender for professional gain. Gra\u017cyna, equipped with some advantages Lili lacked \u2014 strong health and several decades of social progress already behind her \u2014 responded to chauvinism with a posture of indifference that masked an ongoing inner struggle.<\/p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/articles\/six-best-works-lili-boulanger\">Six of the best: Lili Boulanger works<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"h-what-was-the-pink-peril\">What was the &#8216;Pink Peril&#8217;?<\/h3><p>In 1912, the French critic Emile Vuillermoz published an article entitled <em>Le P\u00e9ril Rose<\/em> \u2014 the &#8216;Pink Peril&#8217;. It\u2019s a pungent read, full of breathless predictions about how ambitious women would topple the cultural status quo. \u201cThe Conservatoire, where they already hold the majority, will end by becoming their personal property. (&#8230;) In the director&#8217;s office, Gabriel <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/gabriel-faure\">Faur\u00e9<\/a><\/strong> will be chased from his position by H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Fleury or Nadia Boulanger\u201d \u2014 two of the first female finalists for the Prix de Rome, France\u2019s most prestigious composition competition.<\/p><p>One irony here is that Nadia Boulanger, who gave up her own compositional aspirations early, did indeed become the most revered musical pedagogue of the 20th century, nurturing the talents of innumerable composers (mostly men) who are now household names. Another is that the first woman to win the Premier Grand Prix \u2014 Nadia\u2019s younger sister Lili, in 1913 \u2014 would be denied by her early death the long career that could have changed the establishment\u2019s attitude for good.<\/p><h3 id=\"h-lili-boulanger-genius-curtailed\">Lili Boulanger: genius curtailed<\/h3><p>Still, her achievements were astonishing. Lili Boulanger lived, developed, and composed as vividly as possible in her 24 years. In public, she and her family cultivated her image as &#8216;petite Lili&#8217;: a delicate, unthreatening child-genius. This image persists today (to the long-term detriment of her legacy instead of to its advantage).<\/p><p>However, her letters reveal a savvy, hardworking professional capable of calculating the exact impact she would make with her dress, deportment, and words, as well as her actual music, to disarm cultural gatekeepers and win opportunities. <\/p><p>In any case, no one argued with the assurance and vision of her compositions: contemporary reviews, even when they dwell on Lili\u2019s frail physique or express paternalistic surprise at her music\u2019s muscularity, universally praise their high quality.<\/p><p>Of course, she was still a young composer whose most fertile creative years coincided with the horrors and curtailments of WWI. If cultural life had been as normal, she would have benefited from hearing her pieces rehearsed and performed regularly.<\/p><p><em>Clairi\u00e8res dans le ciel <\/em>is a major work, traversing a vast emotional landscape in music of great beauty and psychological insight. However, the songs contain some interpretive and technical puzzles that an older composer might have reworked before the piece reached proof state. <\/p><h3 id=\"h-why-do-we-distinguish-between-male-and-female-composers\">Why do we distinguish between male and female composers?<\/h3><p>Is this the reason that many later critics dismissed Lili Boulanger\u2019s <em>oeuvre<\/em> as mere juvenilia? Although Nadia tirelessly championed her sister\u2019s legacy, Lili\u2019s name was absent from the concert hall until recently\u2014around the same time that Bacewicz\u2019s name began to pop up more regularly outside Poland.<\/p><p>&#8216;The fact that commentators constantly distinguished between male and female composers immensely irritated Gra\u017cyna,&#8217; said Witold <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/witold-lutoslawski\">Lutos\u0142awski<\/a><\/strong>, one of her great admirers. &#8216;She believed that it made no sense.&#8217; <\/p><p>Still, Bacewicz didn\u2019t have the luxury of entirely ignoring patriarchal expectations. A generation earlier, Lili Boulanger had to walk an even thinner line between achievement and presentation; she managed this with remarkable skill and precise calculation. Both women\u2019s works were highly praised in their lifetimes, but are only now finding a foothold in international programming.<\/p><h3 id=\"h-misogynistic-rhetoric-that-lives-on-today\">&#8216;Misogynistic rhetoric&#8217; that lives on today<\/h3><p>The misogynistic rhetoric of the &#8216;Pink Peril&#8217; has been repackaged again and again. It lives on nowadays in tired debates about whether there have actually been any good female composers, or whether recent attention to marginalized voices is just opportunistic wokery. <\/p><p>How can we hope to make a balanced assessment until\u00a0more women\u2019s\u00a0work is performed at the highest possible level? We hope that <em>Forget This Night<\/em> can make a contribution toward the broader re-evaluation of the works of Boulanger and Bacewicz on their own merits\u2014and can help push against absurd polemics like the Pink Peril and its modern equivalents.<\/p><p><em><strong>Forget This Night<\/strong>, featuring works by Lili Boulanger, Karol Szymanowski, and Gra\u017cyna Bacewicz, recorded by Katharine Dain (soprano) and Sam Armstrong (piano), is out now on 7 Mountain Records.<\/em><\/p><p><em>You can stream, download and purchase the album at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/protect-eu.mimecast.com\/s\/y-YXCLPWOHQlvDPFBpzOZ?domain=lnk.to\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>https:\/\/lnk.to\/KatharineDainRegardsSurLInfini<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Katharine Dain Published: Friday, 17 November 2023 at 12:34 PM &#8216;Are you lost? This is a composition class, miss.&#8217; The year was 1928. Gra\u017cyna Bacewicz was 18 years old and no stranger to rigorous musical training. But, at the first meeting of a composition seminar at Warsaw Conservatory, her fellow students, all male, greeted [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":34945,"template":"","categories":[1,17],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"6"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2023\/11\/the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings.jpg",2560,1706,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2023\/11\/the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2023\/11\/the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2023\/11\/the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2023\/11\/the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings-1024x682.jpg",800,533,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2023\/11\/the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings-1536x1024.jpg",1536,1024,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2023\/11\/the-pink-peril-lili-boulanger-grazyna-bacewicz-and-glass-ceilings-2048x1365.jpg",2048,1365,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Katharine Dain Published: Friday, 17 November 2023 at 12:34 PM &#8216;Are you lost? This is a composition class, miss.&#8217; The year was 1928. Gra\u017cyna Bacewicz was 18 years old and no stranger to rigorous musical training. But, at the first meeting of a composition seminar at Warsaw Conservatory, her fellow students, all male, greeted&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/34944"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34945"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}