{"id":43109,"date":"2024-05-11T15:36:22","date_gmt":"2024-05-11T13:36:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/342f4db2-f3aa-446e-89dc-95f86f70bb73"},"modified":"2024-05-16T15:41:21","modified_gmt":"2024-05-16T13:41:21","slug":"what-is-a-symphony","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/rss_feed\/what-is-a-symphony\/","title":{"rendered":"What is a symphony?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"><\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Saturday, 11 May 2024 at 13:36 PM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p><strong>A symphony is a larger-scale work for orchestra and, occasionally, singers, usually divided into several movements.<\/strong><\/p><p>That said, it&#8217;s sobering to consider how much argument there\u2019s been over the years about what constitutes a \u2018real\u2019 symphony. <\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-exactly-is-a-symphony-in-classical-music\">What exactly is a symphony in classical music?<\/h2><p>Surely, you might think, if a piece of music works, and the composer chooses to call it \u2018Symphony\u2019, that\u2019s an end to the matter? <\/p><ul><li><strong><a class=\"standard-card-new__article-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/50-greatest-composers-all-time\/\">The 50 greatest composers of All Time<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>Oh, dear me, no. Intellectual battles have been fought long and hard over whether the form should have a title or a literary programme, or whether it should be pure, \u2018absolute\u2019 music.<\/p><ul><li><strong><a class=\"standard-card-new__article-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/who-wrote-the-first-symphony\/\">Who wrote the first ever symphony?<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><strong><a class=\"standard-card-new__article-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/articles\/what-is-the-difference-between-a-concerto-and-a-symphony\/\">What is the difference between a concerto and a symphony?<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>Not just intellectual battles: there are reports of fistfights between supporters of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/johannes-brahms\/\">Brahms<\/a><\/strong> (the classical, \u2018absolute\u2019 symphony) and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/franz-liszt\/\">Liszt<\/a><\/strong> (the descriptive programme-symphony). <\/p><script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jwplayer.com\/players\/xjL98ot4-lqFafnwo.js\"\/><p>Controversy even touches on seemingly minor details of instrumentation. Critics of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/cesar-franck\">Franck<\/a><\/strong>\u2019s Symphony argued that it couldn\u2019t be the genuine article as it included a cor anglais. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/anton-bruckner\/\">Bruckner<\/a><\/strong> similarly struggled for weeks against the impulse to put harps in his Eighth.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-many-movements-does-a-symphony-have\">How many movements does a symphony have?<\/h2><p>So is there anything that can be said about symphonies in general which sets them apart? Well, for one thing, it isn\u2019t form. Symphonies can have any number of \u2018movements\u2019 from ten (<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/olivier-messiaen\/\">Messiaen<\/a><\/strong>\u2019s <i>Turangal\u00eela<\/i>) to one (<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/jean-sibelius\/\">Sibelius<\/a><\/strong>\u2019s Seventh). <\/p><ul><li><strong><a class=\"standard-card-new__article-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/works\/20-greatest-symphonies-all-time\/\">The 20 Greatest Symphonies of all time<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>You may be able to identify outlines of classical \u2018sonata form\u2019, \u2018<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/articles\/what-are-variations\/\">variation<\/a><\/strong>\u2019, \u2018<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/articles\/what-scherzo\/\">scherzo<\/a><\/strong>\u2019 or \u2018<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/articles\/what-rondo\/\">rondo<\/a><\/strong>\u2019. However, the intellectual process may in fact be closer to watching a speeded-up film of a plant growing from seed to full flower.<\/p><p>This notion of growth gives us a clue. In the overwhelming majority of symphonies, from <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/joseph-haydn\/\">Haydn<\/a><\/strong>\u2019s \u2018Clock\u2019 to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/john-adams\/\">John Adams<\/a><\/strong>\u2019s <i>Doctor Atomic<\/i>, some notion of process, of sustained movement from A to B, seems to be fundamental.<\/p><p>In some 18th- and early 19th-century concerts, movements of symphonies were performed with other items in between. Yet it seems that listeners returned to the symphony with a sense of unfinished business. Only when the finale had played its part was the intellectual and emotional journey over. <\/p><p>And \u2018journey\u2019 is the <i>mot juste<\/i>. As in the novel, which came to prominence at the time the classical symphony was beginning to define itself, an element of narrative is crucial. And as with the novel, some kind of conflict is usually what sets it in motion. To borrow a phrase from William Blake: \u2018Without contraries there is no progression\u2019. <\/p><p>For a six-word summary of the spirit of symphony, you could do a lot worse than that.<\/p><p><em>Visit our <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/musical-terms\/musical-terms-dictionary\">musical terms dictionary<\/a><\/strong> to find out about other musical definitions you may not know.<\/em><\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Published: Saturday, 11 May 2024 at 13:36 PM A symphony is a larger-scale work for orchestra and, occasionally, singers, usually divided into several movements. That said, it&#8217;s sobering to consider how much argument there\u2019s been over the years about what constitutes a \u2018real\u2019 symphony. What exactly is a symphony in classical music? Surely, you [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":43110,"template":"","categories":[1,17],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"3"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/what-is-a-symphony.png",1198,802,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/what-is-a-symphony-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/what-is-a-symphony-300x201.png",300,201,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/what-is-a-symphony-768x514.png",768,514,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/what-is-a-symphony-1024x686.png",800,536,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/what-is-a-symphony.png",1198,802,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/what-is-a-symphony.png",1198,802,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Published: Saturday, 11 May 2024 at 13:36 PM A symphony is a larger-scale work for orchestra and, occasionally, singers, usually divided into several movements. That said, it&#8217;s sobering to consider how much argument there\u2019s been over the years about what constitutes a \u2018real\u2019 symphony. What exactly is a symphony in classical music? Surely, you&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/43109"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43110"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}