{"id":43752,"date":"2024-05-30T19:15:16","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T17:15:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/0ee9cd72-6813-4655-b6c8-4491ff1b5a91"},"modified":"2024-05-30T19:36:04","modified_gmt":"2024-05-30T17:36:04","slug":"fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/rss_feed\/fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic\/","title":{"rendered":"Fanny Mendelssohn: an unsung Romantic"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"><\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Thursday, 30 May 2024 at 17:15 PM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>Read on to learn about the life and music of Fanny Mendelssohn &#8211; a great Romantic composer, as well as being Felix&#8217;s sister.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-who-was-fanny-mendelssohn\">Who was Fanny Mendelssohn?<\/h2><p>Being \u2018somebody\u2019s sister\u2019 usually belittles the person. Even though Fanny Mendelssohn was four years older than <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/felix-mendelssohn\">Felix Mendelssohn<\/a><\/strong> (if she is mentioned in music history books at all), it is almost always as an appendage to him; and there is little appreciation of her ardent compositions and virtuoso piano playing. <\/p><script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jwplayer.com\/players\/xjL98ot4-lqFafnwo.js\"\/><p>Fanny and Felix were very close and their correspondence is now more famous than her music. Ironically, he referred to her as \u2018The Boss\u2019, \u2018The Cantor\u2019, and he deferred to her opinion on his compositions to such a degree that she could have been described as his mentor, or chief consultant. This begs the question \u2013 as he valued her musical ideas so highly, why do we value it so little?<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-was-fanny-mendelssohn-encouraged-to-be-a-composer\">Was Fanny Mendelssohn encouraged to be a composer? <\/h2><p>It was unseemly for a woman to create professionally in those days; and her father Abraham wrote her a letter forbidding a life as a composer, which has become one of the most famous put-downs in musical history: \u2018Perhaps music will be Felix\u2019s profession, whereas for you it can and must be but an ornament, and never the fundamental of your existence and activity.\u2019 <\/p><p>But she was passionate about music, and even today we can be inspired by the way she coped with living with the ban and how she found a way round it. To be fair to Abraham, he also wrote at a later date \u2018a woman\u2019s profession is the hardest of all; everything you can think of constitutes a woman\u2019s duty, a woman\u2019s difficult duty.\u2019<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-when-was-fanny-mendelssohn-born\">When was Fanny Mendelssohn born?<\/h2><p>Fanny Mendelssohn was born on 14 November 1805, the eldest of four siblings. She was born into an affluent Jewish family in Hamburg where her father Abraham was joint head of Mendelssohn\u2019s Bank.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-was-the-mendelssohn-family-like\">What was the Mendelssohn family like?<\/h2><p>In many ways Fanny was lucky. She was born into a highly cultured family, who knew the value of a good education, and the parents gave Fanny and Felix the same upbringing. They were both child prodigy pianists, and as children Fanny felt the advantages of being the elder one. The problems started when Felix was old enough to be sent out to meet Goethe and to travel the world.<\/p><p>Fanny began to see that the encouragement she received was only up to a glass ceiling; her destiny as a woman was to be housewife and mother. Where she did have choice was in who she married. She chose well, in that Wilhelm Hensel encouraged her to compose, indeed even to publish. <\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Aletheia Piano Trio performs Fanny Mendelssohn Piano Trio in D minor, op. 11 I Allegro molto vivace\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FI-ldlmqhSM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><p>They also collaborated on projects, creating exchanges between painting and music (he was the Prussian Court painter). He gave her a charming gilt-edged, heart-shaped album, in which they painted and composed together, as a kind of diary. He wrote at the beginning \u2018This little book is like one\u2019s heart: what you write in it brings joy and pain.\u2019<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-were-the-sonntagsmusik\">What were the <em>Sonntagsmusik<\/em>?<\/h3><p>The other thing she turned to her advantage were the <em>Sonntagsmusik<\/em>, Sunday musical salons, held in the family home in Berlin. As these were private occasions, it was considered acceptable for her to compose, perform and conduct there, and she made these occurrences the forum for her music making. <\/p><p>They were highly prestigious events, to which not only the best musicians in Berlin came to play and listen, but touring soloists as well. Here she met many of the famous characters of the 19th century, from <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/clara-schumann\">Clara Schumann<\/a><\/strong> and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/franz-liszt\">Liszt<\/a><\/strong>, to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/niccolo-paganini\">Paganini<\/a><\/strong>, Hegel and Heinrich Heine.<\/p><p>For many years she was also the organiser or, one might say, festival director \u2013 is it possible to name any other 19th-century women who had their own music festival? However, while the concerts gave her a platform to present her work as composer and pianist, it was a long way from the privileges Felix had travelling round Europe, meeting people like Queen Victoria and conducting the great orchestras of the day; Fanny was deeply envious of those experiences and opportunities.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-who-was-the-better-composer-fanny-or-felix\">Who was the better composer - Fanny or Felix?<\/h2><p>The words \u2018equally gifted\u2019 recur as a <em>leitmotiv <\/em>for Fanny and Felix. Their aunt Dorothy Schlegel (also an excellent musician) said in 1830 that Felix played \u2018with genius, Fanny with a virtuosity that defeated all understanding\u2019. When Fanny was aged 13, she surprised her father by playing by heart all the Preludes of the first book of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/johann-sebastian-bach\">Bach<\/a><\/strong>\u2019s <em>Well-Tempered Clavier<\/em>. Their friend the singer Eduard Devrient wrote \u2018I found Felix\u2019s playing extraordinarily dextrous and possessed of great musical assurance, but still it did not equal that of his sister Fanny.\u2019<\/p><p>An example of the siblings\u2019 closeness can be seen with one starting to compose a new piece, and the other finishing it off. This pairing had a twin-like aspect, sometimes likened to the major-minor relationship, reflecting the light and dark associations of these modes. Felix was handsome, Fanny was less conventionally attractive, having inherited her grandfather Moses\u2019 hunchback; Felix went travelling while Fanny stayed at home; Felix had a public persona, Fanny\u2019s was private.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-many-works-did-fanny-mendelssohn-write\">How many works did Fanny Mendelssohn write?<\/h2><p>Nevertheless she wrote some 400 works, particularly Lieder and short piano pieces. In 2005 the German publisher Furore Verlag rissued many of her compositions, including a special facsimile edition of <em>Das Jahr<\/em>, her 12 character pieces written after her Italian journey in 1839-40, taken with her husband who provided the illustrations.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Fanny Mendelssohn - Das Jahr - Laurence Manning (Final Doctoral Recital)\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9yJM6dlzGOE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><p>Fanny and Wilhelm Hensel began their creative collaborations with a cycle of six Lieder on poems by Droysen. Fanny sent Felix the manuscript with an ornamental miniature painted by Wilhelm \u2013 she inscribed her <em>Liederkreis<\/em> \u2018For Felix during his absence in England 1829.\u2019 (It is preserved in Oxford\u2019s Bodleian library.) The idea of bringing music and drawing together on the page transformed a music manuscript into a work of art.<\/p><p>The work Fanny and Wilhelm did together possesses charm, and Felix was delighted with it, especially the final song. Fanny was particularly touched by her brother\u2019s appreciation, as he now had stature as a professional. He wrote: \u2018These Lieder are more beautiful than one can say. I swear I\u2019m speaking as a cool critic, and I find them very pretty. They prove that true music exists, which is as if the quintessence of music has been grasped, as if the soul were made of music. These Lieder are like that. Heavens! I know of none better.\u2019<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-an-incomparable-musician\">'An incomparable musician'<\/h3><p>In 1839-40 Fanny, Wilhelm and their son Sebastian spent a year in Italy, which included three months in Rome, with the artistic community at the Acad\u00e9mie de France at the Villa Medici. She received huge appreciation there both for her playing and her compositions. Charles <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/charles-gounod\">Gounod<\/a><\/strong> remembered their musical parties years later: \u2018Mme Hensel was an incomparable musician, a remarkable pianist, a woman of superior intelligence, small and slender, but endowed with an energy revealed in her deep eyes and fiery gaze.<\/p><p>She had rare gifts as a composer\u2026 She sat down at the piano with that good grace and simplicity possessed by people who make music because they love it, and thanks to her prodigious memory I was introduced to a host of masterpieces from German music which, at that time, were completely unknown to me.\u2019<\/p><p>On 9 July 1846, Berlin, Fanny, buoyed up by this positive reception, wrote to her brother: \u2018Dear Felix, I have to write and tell you something. Since I know in advance that you won\u2019t be pleased, I\u2019ll go about this very awkwardly. Laugh at me if you like, but at the age of 40 I\u2019m as afraid of my brothers as I was of Father when I was 14, or rather, I feel uncomfortable. In a word, I\u2019m beginning to publish.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-may-you-obtain-satisfaction-and-joy\">'May you obtain satisfaction and joy'<\/h3><p>'Since I made the decision on my own initiative and cannot blame anyone in my family if annoying consequences result, then I can console myself with the knowledge that I in no way sought out or occasioned the kind of musical reputation that might have brought me such offers.\u2019<\/p><p>Felix replied on 12 August: \u2018Dearest Fenchal, only today do I, hard-hearted brother, get around to answering your kind letter and give you my professional blessing upon your decision to enter our guild\u2026 may you obtain satisfaction and joy from providing delight to others.\u2019<\/p><p>Coming from her brother, this was praise indeed and Fanny went on to publish several groups of songs which, in the way of the world then, received somewhat reluctant appreciation. <\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-fanny-mendelssohn-s-best-works\">What are Fanny Mendelssohn's best works?<\/h2><p>She composed her biggest piece for her sister Rebecka\u2019s birthday, 11 April 1846: it is a splendid and dramatic Piano Trio in D minor, which Felix had published after Fanny died. It shows her passion, animation, and great inspiration.<\/p><p>Other great works from her pen include the piano cycle <em>Das Jahr<\/em>, depicting the months of the year; the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/musical-terms\/what-string-quartet\">String Quartet<\/a><\/strong> in E flat; an Oratorio, the <em>Oratorium nach Bildern der Bibel<\/em>; and the Lieder, Op. 1.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-when-did-fanny-mendelssohn-die\">When did Fanny Mendelssohn die?<\/h2><p>With this encouragement, she attained a new maturity and the self-confidence to publish, and she began to send her work out into the world. However, she died suddenly after a stroke, having conducted a <em>Sonntagsmusik<\/em> rehearsal in 1847; Felix was so bereft that he died six months later, many say of a broken heart. Meanwhile he had also carried on the work of publication, persuading Brietkopf &amp; H\u00e4rtel to issue some of her Lieder and her dramatic Piano Trio, Op 11.<\/p><p><em>Bella Noel<\/em><\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Published: Thursday, 30 May 2024 at 17:15 PM Read on to learn about the life and music of Fanny Mendelssohn &#8211; a great Romantic composer, as well as being Felix&#8217;s sister. Who was Fanny Mendelssohn? Being \u2018somebody\u2019s sister\u2019 usually belittles the person. Even though Fanny Mendelssohn was four years older than Felix Mendelssohn (if [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":43753,"template":"","categories":[1,17],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"8"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic.jpg",200,200,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic.jpg",200,200,false],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic.jpg",200,200,false],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic.jpg",200,200,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic.jpg",200,200,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/05\/fanny-mendelssohn-an-unsung-romantic.jpg",200,200,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Published: Thursday, 30 May 2024 at 17:15 PM Read on to learn about the life and music of Fanny Mendelssohn &#8211; a great Romantic composer, as well as being Felix&#8217;s sister. Who was Fanny Mendelssohn? Being \u2018somebody\u2019s sister\u2019 usually belittles the person. Even though Fanny Mendelssohn was four years older than Felix Mendelssohn (if&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/43752"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43752"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43752"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}