{"id":49045,"date":"2024-10-24T13:29:51","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T11:29:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/b3055e0e-bb2a-4aca-9cf6-3d41c9d97059"},"modified":"2024-10-24T15:07:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T13:07:15","slug":"war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/rss_feed\/war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence\/","title":{"rendered":"War of the Romantics: why Brahms accused his great rival Liszt of being &#8216;an evil influence&#8217;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"><\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Thursday, 24 October 2024 at 11:29 AM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p><strong>Classical music was something of a battleground in 19th-century Germany, with composers fierce about protecting their own particular aesthetic and approach<\/strong>. <strong>This schism in the classical world became known as the War of the Romantics&#8230;<\/strong><\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">War of the Romantics&#8230; Brahms, the traditionalist<\/h2><p>During the period now known as the War of the Romantics,<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/composers\/johannes-brahms\/\">Johannes Brahms<\/a><\/strong> was seen to be at the head of the &#8216;Absolute Music&#8217; camp. This revered musical forms and tonal structures, building on a tradition from <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/composers\/joseph-haydn-2\/\">Haydn<\/a> <\/strong>to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/composers\/joseph-haydn-2\/\">Schumann<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p><p>There&#8217;s no doubt that Brahms was a an ingenious composer. He composed for symphony <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/articles\/what-instruments-make-up-an-orchestra\">orchestra<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/musical-terms\/chamber-music\">chamber<\/a><\/strong> ensembles, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/articles\/who-invented-the-piano\">piano<\/a><\/strong>, organ, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/instruments\/violin-history\">violin<\/a><\/strong>, voice, and chorus. A virtuoso <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/artists\/20-greatest-pianists-all-time\">pianist<\/a><\/strong>, he premiered many of his own works. And he worked with leading performers of his time, including <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/clara-schumann\">Clara Schumann<\/a><\/strong> and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/artists\/20-greatest-violinists-ever\">violinist<\/a><\/strong> Joseph Joachim, both of whom were close friends. <\/p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/articles\/brahms-style-guide\/\">Brahms: A Style Guide<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>He can also be seen as both a traditionalist and an innovator. On the one hand, his music definitely adheres to the basic structures and techniques of the Classical tradition. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/musical-terms\/discovering-music-sonata-form\">Sonata form<\/a><\/strong>, for example, is much in evidence.\u00a0On the other hand, the intensity of expression of his works aligns him more closely with the Romantic movement.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Brahms: Violinkonzert \u2219 hr-Sinfonieorchester \u2219 Hilary Hahn \u2219 Paavo J\u00e4rvi\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UFl9xuYP5T8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Hilary Hahn performs Brahms&#8217;s Violin Concerto<\/figcaption><\/figure><ul><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/articles\/what-are-the-different-periods-of-classical-music\">Music eras: what are the different periods of classical music?<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>However, Brahms&#8217;s great rival, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/composers\/franz-liszt\/\">Franz Liszt<\/a><\/strong> dubbed Brahms and his followers &#8216;the posthumous party&#8217;. So there&#8217;s a bit of a clue as to his views. <\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">War of the Romantics&#8230; Liszt, the innovator<\/h2><p>Liszt was a controversial figure in his day. At his concerts women swooned in the aisles. But though a ladies\u2019 man and fabled lover, he was always attracted to the Church and ultimately took holy orders. <\/p><p>Despite his multifaceted and paradoxical nature, Liszt&#8217;s works have always been regarded as showy and excessive in certain quarters. And although some performers go out of their way to emphasise the epic and abstract qualities of Liszt&#8217;s works, others can&#8217;t help but crash through the\u00a0<em>Hungarian Rhapsodies<\/em>\u00a0and fantasies on Don Giovanni and Rigoletto as fast and loudly as possible, paying scant attention to their wealth of colour and detail. <\/p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/who-invented-the-piano-recital\">A thousand wild concerts: how Liszt invented the piano recital and became a 19th-century pin-up<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>There&#8217;s no doubt, then, that although Brahms was an innovative and even difficult composer in his day, Liszt, the creative visionary, was regarded as the more daring of the two. <\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Khatia Buniatishvili - Liszt\/Horowitz: Hungarian Rhapsody no. 2 (ENCORE)\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Kqtz6a8ikGg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Khatia Buniatishvili performs Liszt&#8217;s <em>Hungarian Rhapsody<\/em> No. 2<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8216;Rank, miserable weeds&#8217;&#8230; the central argument<\/h2><p>Opposing Brahms&#8217;s &#8216;Absolute Music&#8217; camp, was the &#8216;Music of the Future&#8217; movement, headed by Liszt. This cluster of artists felt that music should be programmatic, interact with art, poetry and literature, and push the boundaries of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/articles\/what-is-tonality\/\">tonality<\/a><\/strong> and form. Liszt&#8217;s son-in-law <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/composers\/richard-wagner\/\">Wagner<\/a><\/strong> and his <em>Gesamtkunstwerk<\/em> was the epitome of this school.<\/p><ul><li><strong><a class=\"standard-card-new__article-title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/composers\/fifteen-best-romantic-composers\/\">15 of the best Romantic composers<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>The touchpaper was lit in 1860, when Brahms and Joseph Joachim penned a manifesto against the &#8216;evil influence&#8217; of the New German school. They suggested that these composers &#8216;regard everything great and sacred which the musical talent of our people has created up to now as mere fertiliser for the rank, miserable weeds growing from Liszt-like fantasias&#8217;.<\/p><p>Their words were leaked, published &#8211; and mocked. Brahms didn&#8217;t make any more public proclamations, although the critic Eduard Hanslick carried on the fight for the so-called conservative school.<\/p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/composer-rivalries\">&#8216;His music is just meaningless noise&#8217;: classical music&#8217;s 15 juiciest rivalries<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">War of the Romantics&#8230; the aftermath<\/h2><p>Brahms went on to write four symphonies \u2013 pinnacles of the &#8216;pure&#8217; music philosophy. The futurists flourished too: think of the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/articles\/what-tone-poem\/\">tone poems<\/a><\/strong> of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/composers\/richard-strauss\/\">Richard Strauss<\/a><\/strong> and of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/works\/what-does-wagners-ring-cycle-mean\/\">Wagner&#8217;s <em>Ring<\/em> <em>Cycle<\/em><\/a><\/strong>.<\/p><p>Still, the tussle rumbled on. As late as 1947, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/features\/composers\/arnold-schoenberg\">Arnold Schoenberg<\/a><\/strong> penned an essay arguing that Brahms &#8216;the classicist, the academician, was a great innovator in the realm of musical language, that, in fact, he was a great progressive&#8217;.<\/p><ul><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.classical-music.com\/composers\/composers-who-died-before-40\/\">10 composers who died before 40<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Published: Thursday, 24 October 2024 at 11:29 AM Classical music was something of a battleground in 19th-century Germany, with composers fierce about protecting their own particular aesthetic and approach. This schism in the classical world became known as the War of the Romantics&#8230; War of the Romantics&#8230; Brahms, the traditionalist During the period now [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":49046,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"3"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/10\/war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence.jpg",1200,800,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/10\/war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/10\/war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/10\/war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/10\/war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence-1024x683.jpg",800,534,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/10\/war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence.jpg",1200,800,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/37\/2024\/10\/war-of-the-romantics-why-brahms-accused-his-great-rival-liszt-of-being-an-evil-influence.jpg",1200,800,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Published: Thursday, 24 October 2024 at 11:29 AM Classical music was something of a battleground in 19th-century Germany, with composers fierce about protecting their own particular aesthetic and approach. This schism in the classical world became known as the War of the Romantics&#8230; War of the Romantics&#8230; Brahms, the traditionalist During the period now&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/49045"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49045"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcmusicmagazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}