{"id":47507,"date":"2023-07-08T07:34:30","date_gmt":"2023-07-08T07:34:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/?p=120151"},"modified":"2023-07-08T08:32:31","modified_gmt":"2023-07-08T08:32:31","slug":"new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/rss_feed\/new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference\/","title":{"rendered":"New software will help Hubble edit out satellite interference"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"> Computer program that uses the Radon Transform will remove satellite streaks from the space telescope\u2019s images. <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Ezzy Pearson\n                \t\t<\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Saturday, 08 July 2023 at 12:00 am<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body> <p>The <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/hubble-space-telescope-facts-history\/&quot;\">Hubble Space Telescope<\/a> has been fighting an increasingly difficult battle in recent years against satellites leaving bright trails across its images, but a new piece of software could provide a valuable weapon in efforts to remove them.<\/p>\n<p>When Hubble launched in 1990, there were only around 470 satellites in orbit.\u00a0Today there are close to 8,000 and the number is rising fast.<\/p>\n<p>As the telescope sits in low-Earth orbit, many of these satellites pass above it, crossing its field of view and leaving bright streaks across its images.<\/p>\n<p>In 2022, around 10% of Hubble images were affected by such interlopers.\u00a0Fortunately, the problem only affects a small part of each image\u2019s field.<\/p>\n<ul><li><a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/spacex-starlink-problem-astronomy\/&quot;\"><em><strong>How big a problem are Starlink satellites for astronomers?<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><em><strong><a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/astronomy-affected-by-satellite-mega-constellations\/&quot;\">How radio astronomy is affected by satellite mega-constellations<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul><div class=\"&quot;image-handler__container\" image-handler__container--full=\"\" style=\"&quot;padding-bottom:\" calc=\"\"> <picture><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=300%2C261,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=300%2C261,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=355%2C309,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=355%2C309,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=405%2C352,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=405%2C352,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=554%2C482&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=554%2C482&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C539&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C539&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=408%2C355,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=408%2C355,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=556%2C484&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=556%2C484&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><img class=\"&quot;wp-image-50354\" align=\"\" size-full=\"\" image-handler__image=\"\" image-handler__image--full=\"\" no-wrap=\"\" js-lazyload=\"\" data-src=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/CTIO-starlink-satellites-7b3235a-e1688650339546.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C539&quot;\" width=\"&quot;1038&quot;\" height=\"&quot;903&quot;\" alt=\"&quot;A\" exposure=\"\" captured=\"\" using=\"\" the=\"\" blanco=\"\" telescope=\"\" at=\"\" cerro=\"\" tololo=\"\" inter-american=\"\" observatory=\"\" shows=\"\" streaks=\"\" that=\"\" astronomers=\"\" attributed=\"\" to=\"\" starlink=\"\" satellites.=\"\" credit:=\"\" nsf=\"\" national=\"\" optical-infrared=\"\" astronomy=\"\" research=\"\" laboratory=\"\" title=\"&quot;A\"\/><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/picture><\/div><div class=\"&quot;caption-hold&quot;\"><figcaption class=\"&quot;wp-caption-text&quot;\"><span class=\"&quot;caption-copy&quot;\"><i class=\"&quot;icon-arrow\" icon-camera-circle=\"\"\/> A 333-second exposure captured using the Blanco 4m telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) shows 19 streaks that astronomers attributed to Starlink satellites. Credit: NSF\u2019s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory\/CTIO\/AURA\/DELVE<\/span><\/figcaption><span class=\"&quot;im-image-caption&quot;\"\/><\/div>\n<p>\u201cThe average width I measured for satellites was 5 to 10 pixels,\u201d says Dave Stark from the Space Telescope Science Institute.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHubble\u2019s Advanced Camera for Surveys\u2019 widest view is 4,000 pixels across, so a typical trail will affect less than 0.5% of a single exposure.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The remaining 99.5% of the frame is still useable scientific data.<\/p>\n<p>ubble\u2019s images are created like many other astrophotos, with multiple exposures which are then <a href=\"&quot;https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/astrophotography\/astrophoto-tips\/a-guide-to-astrophotography-stacking\/&quot;\">stacked<\/a> together.<\/p>\n<p>Not only does this allow astronomers to identify satellite streaks, as they will only appear on one exposure, it also means the marks can be masked out on affected frames, so as not to affect the final images.<\/p>\n<p>However, some trails are very faint, meaning they\u2019re missed by current techniques.<\/p>\n<p>Stark\u2019s team created a new program that uses a method called the Radon Transform, which sums the light along every straight path across an image.<\/p>\n<p>This makes the linear streaks of satellites clearly \u2018pop-out\u2019, allowing twice as many to be identified.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe have a toolbox of things that people use to clean Hubble data and calibrate it,\u201d said Stark.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAnd our new application is another tool that will help us make the best out of every Hubble exposure.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"&quot;image-handler__container\" image-handler__container--full=\"\" style=\"&quot;padding-bottom:\" calc=\"\"> <picture><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=300%2C220,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=300%2C220,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=355%2C260,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=355%2C260,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=405%2C296,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=405%2C296,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=554%2C405,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(max-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=554%2C405,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C454&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C454&quot;\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=408%2C299,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=408%2C299,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?webp=true&amp;quality=90&amp;resize=556%2C407,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/webp&quot;\"><source media=\"&quot;(min-width:\" data-srcset=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=556%2C407,\" https:=\"\" type=\"&quot;image\/jpeg&quot;\"><img class=\"&quot;wp-image-50356\" align=\"\" size-full=\"\" image-handler__image=\"\" image-handler__image--full=\"\" no-wrap=\"\" js-lazyload=\"\" data-src=\"&quot;https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/25\/2020\/04\/starlink-satellites-affect-astronomy-2e4ed96-e1688650547242.jpg?quality=90&amp;resize=620%2C454&quot;\" width=\"&quot;1200&quot;\" height=\"&quot;878&quot;\" alt=\"&quot;Zdenek\" bardon=\"\" captured=\"\" starlink=\"\" satellite=\"\" trails=\"\" while=\"\" imaging=\"\" comet=\"\" c2019=\"\" from=\"\" raso=\"\" czech=\"\" republic=\"\" on=\"\" april=\"\" credit:=\"\" zdenek=\"\" title=\"&quot;Zdenek\"\/><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/picture><\/div><div class=\"&quot;caption-hold&quot;\"><figcaption class=\"&quot;wp-caption-text&quot;\"><span class=\"&quot;caption-copy&quot;\"><i class=\"&quot;icon-arrow\" icon-camera-circle=\"\"\/> Zdenek Bardon captured Starlink satellite trails while imaging Comet C2019\/Y4 (ATLAS) from Raso\u0161ky, Czech Republic on 19 April 2020. Credit: Zdenek Bardon<\/span><\/figcaption><span class=\"&quot;im-image-caption&quot;\"\/><\/div>\n<h2><strong>Can software save survey astronomy?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><em>Words: Chris Lintott<\/em><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s great news that tools are being developed to help Hubble deal with satellite trails.<\/p>\n<p>But don\u2019t take from this that the menace of large satellite constellations is under control.<\/p>\n<p>The truth is, while you can remove satellite streaks from the images, you can never get back the view of the sky hidden behind them.<\/p>\n<p>That data is lost forever.<\/p>\n<p>For Hubble, which mostly spends its time on long exposures of individual objects, that\u2019s not too big a deal.<\/p>\n<p>But ground-based telescopes, particularly those carrying out survey work, scanning the sky for objects like near-Earth asteroids, will still be badly affected.<\/p>\n<p>Software will help, but it can\u2019t on its own save the sky.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>This article originally appeared in the August 2023 issue of <\/strong><\/em><strong>BBC Sky at Night Magazine<\/strong><em><strong>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> Computer program that uses the Radon Transform will remove satellite streaks from the space telescope\u2019s images. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":47508,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"3"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2023\/07\/new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference.jpg",1200,800,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2023\/07\/new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2023\/07\/new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2023\/07\/new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2023\/07\/new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference-1024x683.jpg",800,534,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2023\/07\/new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference.jpg",1200,800,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2023\/07\/new-software-will-help-hubble-edit-out-satellite-interference.jpg",1200,800,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Computer program that uses the Radon Transform will remove satellite streaks from the space telescope\u2019s images.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/47507"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/47508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47507"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47507"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}