{"id":53419,"date":"2024-01-11T11:33:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-11T11:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/e0a764b4-e709-4bb1-b223-6e727f66254c"},"modified":"2024-01-11T12:32:28","modified_gmt":"2024-01-11T12:32:28","slug":"record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/rss_feed\/record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light\/","title":{"rendered":"Record-breaking black hole discovered in X-ray light"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\">As the earliest black hole seen in X-rays, it could reveal how these mammoths grow so large. <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Ezzy Pearson\n      <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Thursday, 11 January 2024 at 11:33 AM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>NASA\u2019s Chandra X-ray Observatory and the James Webb Space Telescope discover the most distant black hole ever seen with X-rays.<\/p><p>Dating from just 470 million years after the Big Bang, the find gives strong weight to the theory that supermassive <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/black-hole\">black holes<\/a> start their lives large in size, rather than growing over time.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Tour: NASA Telescopes Discover Record-Breaking Black Hole\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/aJAc-ENcbDI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><p>The black hole, located in the galaxy UHZ1, was initially found in the infrared by the Webb Telescope, with later observations from Chandra finding strong X-ray emissions.\u00a0<\/p><p>&#8220;We needed Webb to find this remarkably distant galaxy and Chandra to find its supermassive black hole,&#8221; says Akos Bogdan from the Center for Astrophysics, Harvard and Smithsonian, who led the study.<\/p><p>&#8220;We also took advantage of a cosmic magnifying glass that boosted the amount of light we detected.&#8221;<\/p><h2 id=\"h-gravitational-lensing\"><strong>Gravitational lensing<\/strong><\/h2><p>The magnification used to discover the black hole was an effect known as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/a-guide-to-gravitational-lensing\">gravitational lensing<\/a>.<\/p><p>The light from UHZ1 was bent by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/what-is-gravity-facts-about-force\">gravity<\/a> of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/astrophotography\/galaxies\/galaxy-clusters-groups\">galaxy cluster<\/a> closer to Earth.<\/p><p>This magnifies the image, similar to if the light had passed through a lens, and allowed Chandra to detect the galaxy\u2019s X-ray emission.<\/p><p>This showed the presence of superheated gas \u2013 a tell-tale sign that a supermassive black hole lies at the centre.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Galaxy UHZ1\u2019s black hole is a giant for one 13.2 billion lightyears away, when the Universe was only 3 per cent of its current age. Credit: X-ray: NASA\/CXC\/SAO\/\u00c1kos Bogd\u00e1n Infrared: NASA\/ESA\/CSA\/STScI Image Processing: NASA\/CXC\/SAO\/L. Frattare &amp; K. Arcand<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2><strong>How did the black hole get so big?<\/strong><\/h2><p>Such early black holes are a boon for those seeking to answer one of cosmology\u2019s biggest questions: how did supermassive black holes grow so large?<\/p><p>The two leading theories are that they either began as small black holes, 10 to 100 times the size of our Sun, or they were born already weighing 10,000 to 100,000 solar masses.<\/p><p>UHZ1\u2019s black hole seems to be 10 to 100 million solar masses, around the same mass as all the stars in the galaxy where it lives, combined.<\/p><p>For comparison, nearby supermassive black holes are only 0.1% the mass of their host galaxy\u2019s stars.<\/p><p>UHZ1 could be an example of an \u2018Outsize Black Hole\u2019, an idea first proposed by Priyamvada Natarajan from Yale University in 2017, whereby supermassive black holes form directly from the collapse of a huge cloud of gas.<\/p><p>&#8220;We think that this is the first detection of an \u2018Outsize Black Hole\u2019 and the best evidence yet obtained that some black holes form from massive clouds of gas,&#8221; says Natarajan.<\/p><p>&#8220;For the first time we are seeing a brief stage where a supermassive black hole weighs about as much as the stars in its galaxy, before it falls behind.&#8221;<\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/chandra.si.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>chandra.si.edu\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As the earliest black hole seen in X-rays, it could reveal how these mammoths grow so large. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":53420,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"3"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/01\/record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light.jpg",1200,800,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/01\/record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/01\/record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/01\/record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/01\/record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light-1024x683.jpg",800,534,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/01\/record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light.jpg",1200,800,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/01\/record-breaking-black-hole-discovered-in-x-ray-light.jpg",1200,800,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"As the earliest black hole seen in X-rays, it could reveal how these mammoths grow so large.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/53419"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}