{"id":54214,"date":"2024-01-26T06:29:25","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T06:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/4190a5ec-57d9-4970-9cda-b71827f17cae"},"modified":"2024-01-26T06:33:03","modified_gmt":"2024-01-26T06:33:03","slug":"hubble-has-found-water-on-a-small-rocky-planet-beyond-our-solar-system","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/rss_feed\/hubble-has-found-water-on-a-small-rocky-planet-beyond-our-solar-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Hubble has found water on a small rocky planet beyond our Solar System"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\">Astronomers take a further step in understanding how common the presence of water is on other planets in our Galaxy. <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Iain Todd\n      <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Friday, 26 January 2024 at 06:29 AM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>The Hubble Space Telescope has found water vapour in the atmosphere of a small rocky planet orbiting a star beyond our Solar System.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/exoplanets\">Exoplanet<\/a> GJ 9827d is about twice as big as Earth, making it the smallest planet around another star where water water has been detected.<\/p><p>While Hubble&#8217;s analysis of the exoplanet has not determined whether a small amount of water vapour exists in GJ 9827d&#8217;s atmosphere, or whether it&#8217;s mostly made of water, this is a further step in understanding how common the presence of water is on other planets in our Galaxy.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Hubble Uncovers Water Vapor In Small Exoplanet\u2019s Atmosphere\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Dy-RuZMkEyI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><p>&#8220;This would be the first time that we can directly show through an atmospheric detection that these planets with water-rich atmospheres can actually exist around other stars,&#8221; says Bj\u00f6rn Benneke of the Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, a member of the team that made the discovery.<\/p><p>&#8220;This is an important step toward determining the prevalence and diversity of atmospheres on rocky planets.&#8221;<\/p><h2 id=\"h-what-is-gj-9827d-like\"><strong>What is GJ 9827d like?<\/strong><\/h2><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Artist\u2019s illustration of exoplanet GJ 9827d, the smallest exoplanet where water vapour has been detected in its atmosphere. Credit: NASA, ESA, Leah Hustak and Ralf Crawford (STScI)<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>GJ 9827d orbits a red dwarf star every 6.2 days. The star, GJ 9827, is 97 lightyears from Earth in the constellation Pisces.<\/p><p>The planet is as hot as Venus, at about 420\u00b0C, so if its atmosphere is indeed mostly water vapour, it would be an incredibly steamy, scorching hot world.<\/p><p>GJ 9827d could either be a mini-Neptune planet with a hydrogen-rich atmosphere laced with water.<\/p><p>Or it could be like Jupiter&#8217;s icy moon Europa &#8211; although much warmer &#8211; with a large ocean.<\/p><p>&#8220;Water on a planet this small is a landmark discovery,&#8221; says co-principal investigator Laura Kreidberg of Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg, Germany.<\/p><p>&#8220;It pushes closer than ever to characterising truly Earth-like worlds.&#8221;<\/p><h2><strong>Understanding GJ 9827d&#8217;s formation<\/strong><\/h2><p>If GJ 9827d does indeed have a water-rich atmosphere, the team behind the study say this must mean it formed farther away from its host star than its current orbit.<\/p><p>At that distance, the temperature would be much colder and water could exit in the form of ice.<\/p><p>The planet would have then migrated inwards over time and been blasted by solar radiation, causing hydrogen in its atmosphere to heat and escape.<\/p><p>Or, GJ 9827d may have formed close to its star, with a trace of water in its atmosphere.<\/p><h2><strong>How Hubble detected water at GJ 9827d<\/strong><\/h2><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1200\" height=\"735\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2022\/05\/exoplanet-transit-6ca9869.jpg\" alt=\"The transit method can be used to detect exoplanets, but also to learn more about the chemcial make-up of their atmospheres.\" class=\"wp-image-108829\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The transit method can be used to detect exoplanets, but also to learn more about the chemcial make-up of their atmospheres.<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>A series of observations by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/hubble-space-telescope-facts-history\">Hubble Space Telescope<\/a> used the transit method of exoplanet study.<\/p><p>Astronomers observe as an exoplanet passes in front of its host star, and can then analyse starlight passing through the planet&#8217;s atmosphere in order to detect what chemicals are in the atmosphere.<\/p><p>Hubble observed 11 transits of GJ 9827d and found the spectral fingerprint of water molecules.<\/p><p>GJ 9827d was initially discovered by the retired NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-missions\/a-history-of-the-kepler-space-telescope\">Kepler Space Telescope<\/a> in 2017.<\/p><p><strong>Read the full paper at <a href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.3847\/2041-8213\/acebf0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.3847\/2041-8213\/acebf0<\/a><\/strong><\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Astronomers take a further step in understanding how common the presence of water is on other planets in our Galaxy. 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