{"id":56537,"date":"2024-03-23T08:26:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-23T08:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/a8d061bb-0503-4e1e-8653-6796884d2fb3"},"modified":"2024-03-23T09:32:31","modified_gmt":"2024-03-23T09:32:31","slug":"which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/rss_feed\/which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans\/","title":{"rendered":"Which planet and Solar System bodies have the largest oceans?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"> <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Penny Wozniakiewicz\n      <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Saturday, 23 March 2024 at 08:26 AM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>Earth is by no means the planet in our Solar System with the largest ocean; in fact some bodies may have more water than all of Earth&#8217;s oceans combined.<\/p><p>Over 70% of the Earth\u2019s surface is covered by oceans &#8211; that amounts to over 1.3 billion km<sup>3<\/sup> or over 1.3 trillion litres of water.<\/p><p>With these vivid blue oceans, our pale blue dot (a term coined by teams studying images of the Earth obtained by Voyager 1 on its way out of the Solar System) stands out amongst the moons and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/planets-solar-system-guide\">planets of our Solar System<\/a> as the only one where liquid water can reside on the surface.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full has-lightbox\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Voyager Family Portrait, a mosaic of frames taken by Voyager 1 in 1990, includes Earth as a pale blue dot, taken at a distance of 6 billion km. Click to expand. Credit: NASA\/JPL<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>That\u2019s not to say, however, that the Earth is the only planet to have an ocean \u2013 several satellites of the giant planets, and even the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/what-is-kuiper-belt-outer-solar-system\">Kuiper Belt<\/a> Object Pluto, are thought to have oceans hiding out of sight beneath their icy surfaces.<\/p><p>Some are even estimated to contain more water than that of the Earth!<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-jupiter-s-ocean\"><strong>Jupiter&#8217;s ocean<\/strong><\/h2><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2024\/03\/hubble-jupiter-5-january-2024-1024x1024.jpg?fit=800%2C800\" alt=\"Image of Jupiter captured on 5 January 2024 by the Hubble Space Telescope. Credit: NASA, ESA, STScI, Amy Simon (NASA-GSFC)\" class=\"wp-image-147974\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The planet with the largest ocean is Jupiter, although it may not be the sort of ocean you were imagining! Credit: NASA, ESA, STScI, Amy Simon (NASA-GSFC)<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Of course the answer to the question of which planet in our Solar System has the largest oceandepends on how you define ocean.<\/p><p>The largest ocean \u2013 that is largest expanse of liquid \u2013 in our Solar System is actually thought to be located deep beneath the swirling clouds of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/astrophotography\/planets\/jupiter\">Jupiter<\/a>.<\/p><p>Unlike the oceans on Earth though, this one is made of liquid metal hydrogen.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Icy moons and subsurface oceans<\/strong><\/h2><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1041\" height=\"942\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2019\/05\/crop_p_color2_enhanced_release_small-5832a13-e1579511756305.png\" alt=\"Image of Pluto taken by New Horizons\" class=\"wp-image-32629\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The first images of Pluto sent back from New Horizons revealed the dwarf planet&#8217;s icy heart. Credit: NASA\/JPL &#8211; NASA\/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory\/Southwest Research Institute &#8211; https:\/\/solarsystem.nasa.gov\/resources\/855\/color-pluto\/<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>If we stick to the largest liquid water ocean in the Solar System, the best-known cases of sub-surface oceans are believed to exist on Jupiter\u2019s icy moon Europa and Saturn\u2019s icy moon Enceladus.<\/p><p>At Europa, surface features observed by visiting spacecraft have long suggested the movement of icy crustal plates over a liquid water layer<\/p><p>Hubble Space Telescope has even witnessed possible plumes of water droplets being vented out into space.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1042\" height=\"872\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2019\/08\/Europa_water_vapour-4214f8d-e1566371545727.jpg\" alt=\"A Hubble Space Telescope image of Europa showing suspected plumes of water vapour erupting at the 7 o'clock mark. These plumes could be evidence of a subsurface ocean below Europa's icy crust. Credits: NASA\/ESA\/W. Sparks (STScI)\/USGS Astrogeology Science Center\" class=\"wp-image-39804\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A Hubble Space Telescope image of Europa showing suspected plumes of water vapour erupting at the 7 o&#8217;clock mark. These plumes could be evidence of a subsurface ocean below Europa&#8217;s icy crust.Credits: NASA\/ESA\/W. Sparks (STScI)\/USGS Astrogeology Science Center<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Moon Europa&#8217;s ocean is big \u2013 its estimated to contain almost twice the volume of water as Earth\u2019s.<\/p><p>Enceladus has had its plumes sampled by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-missions\/cassini-mission\">Cassini spacecraft<\/a>, which found they contained <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/news\/cassini-mission-phosphorus-enceladus\">water, salt and even organic compounds<\/a>.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"940\" height=\"530\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2019\/04\/Cassini-Enceladus-plumes-f19ecfa.jpg\" alt=\"Plumes of water ice and vapour spray from the south polar region of Saturn's moon Enceladus. The presence of water on the moon means that scientists cannot risk the Cassini orbiter contaminating its surface. Credits: NASA\/JPL\/Space Science Institute\" class=\"wp-image-28230\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Plumes of water ice and vapour spray from the south polar region of Saturn&#8217;s moon Enceladus. Credits: NASA\/JPL\/Space Science Institute<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>However, the largest subsurface ocean in the Solar System may be beneath the surface of Ganymede &#8211; the largest of Jupiter\u2019s moons &#8211; although Callisto and Titan (at Jupiter and Saturn respectively) are also candidates.<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ganymede&#8217;s ocean<\/strong><\/h2><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2023\/03\/galgn1961007-6b1ee65.jpg\" alt=\"A view of Ganymede captured by NASA's Galileo probe. Jupiter's moon may have the largest subsurface ocean in the Solar System. Credit: NASA\/JPL\" class=\"wp-image-117269\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A view of Ganymede captured by NASA&#8217;s Galileo probe. Jupiter&#8217;s moon may have the largest subsurface ocean in the Solar System. Credit: NASA\/JPL<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Measuring a whopping 5268 km in diameter, Ganymede is larger than the planet Mercury and three-quarters the size of Mars, and its surface is composed of icy materials bearing salts and organics.<\/p><p>Ganymede\u2019s ocean is estimated to be approximately 100km thick and contain over six times the volume of ocean water found on Earth.<\/p><p>Models suggest it lies buried beneath some 150 km of icy crust and could even be split into several oceanic shells stacked on top of one another and separated by layers of different phases of water ice.<\/p><p>At such a depth, it has little ability to generate similar surface expressions as found on Europa, so how do we know it\u2019s there?<\/p><p>Well, evidence for this vast sub-surface ocean lies in the motion of its aurorae.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2024\/03\/ganymede-aurora-1024x1024.jpeg?fit=800%2C800\" alt=\"Image showing aurora belts on Jupiter's moon Ganymede, coloured blue. Belts were observed by the Hubble Space Telescope.Aurora credit: NASA, ESA, and J. Saur (University of Cologne, Germany)Ganymede globe credit: NASA, JPL, and the Galileo Project\" class=\"wp-image-148337\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image showing aurora belts on Jupiter&#8217;s moon Ganymede, coloured blue. Belts were observed by the Hubble Space Telescope.Aurora credit: NASA, ESA, and J. Saur (University of Cologne, Germany)Ganymede globe credit: NASA, JPL, and the Galileo Project<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Aurorae on Ganymede are produced by the ionisation and excitation of oxygen in its tenuous atmosphere.<\/p><p>These glowing ribbons are bound in belts circling the north and south poles by the moon\u2019s magnetic field.<\/p><p>As Ganymede orbits within the magnetic field of Jupiter, interaction between the magnetic fields of Ganymede and Jupiter occur, and the aurora on Ganymede are observed to rock back and forth.<\/p><p>Computational modelling performed to replicate this rocking have tested different scenarios for the internal composition and structure of Ganymede and find the best fit is achieved when a deep, salty ocean is incorporated.<\/p><p>The Earth\u2019s ocean plays such a vital role in the evolution of life and continues to provide a habitat for life.<\/p><p>Since the Earth\u2019s ocean is not the only ocean in our Solar System, and not even the biggest, the fascinating question now is whether these subsurface oceans also support life.<\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Penny Wozniakiewicz Published: Saturday, 23 March 2024 at 08:26 AM Earth is by no means the planet in our Solar System with the largest ocean; in fact some bodies may have more water than all of Earth&#8217;s oceans combined. Over 70% of the Earth\u2019s surface is covered by oceans &#8211; that amounts to over [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":56538,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"5"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/03\/which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans.jpg",1000,1000,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/03\/which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/03\/which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/03\/which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans-768x768.jpg",768,768,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/03\/which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans.jpg",800,800,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/03\/which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans.jpg",1000,1000,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/03\/which-planet-and-solar-system-bodies-have-the-largest-oceans.jpg",1000,1000,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Penny Wozniakiewicz Published: Saturday, 23 March 2024 at 08:26 AM Earth is by no means the planet in our Solar System with the largest ocean; in fact some bodies may have more water than all of Earth&#8217;s oceans combined. Over 70% of the Earth\u2019s surface is covered by oceans &#8211; that amounts to over&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/56537"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}