{"id":59146,"date":"2024-05-18T07:28:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-18T07:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/44508b29-4935-4de1-a261-fc94c386ceec"},"modified":"2024-05-20T08:08:20","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T08:08:20","slug":"roche-limit-explained","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/rss_feed\/roche-limit-explained\/","title":{"rendered":"Roche limit explained"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"> <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Saturday, 18 May 2024 at 07:28 AM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>As the great Irish poet WB Yeats once wrote, \u201cthings fall apart\u201d, and within the Roche limit is where they do it.<\/p><p>The Roche limit is the point at which the tidal effects of a large body on a smaller one become powerful enough to overcome that second body\u2019s own internal gravity, causing it to disintegrate.<\/p><p>It&#8217;s named after\u00a0\u00c9douard Roche, the French astronomer who revealed his calculations of this theoretical limit in 1848.<\/p><p>Nearly all known planetary ring systems exist within their host planet\u2019s Roche limit, whereas nearly all natural satellites (moons) exist outside it.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image showing Jupiter&#8217;s rings and small moons. Metis and Adrastea orbit within Jupiter&#8217;s Roche limit and are likely to break apart relatively soon. Credit: NASA\/JPL\/Cornell University<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-happens-within-the-roche-limit\"><strong>What happens within the Roche limit<\/strong><\/h2><p>There are exceptions, but generally speaking any material outside the Roche limit of a larger body will coalesce and go into orbit around that body, while any material inside it will tend to disintegrate.<\/p><p>This happens because <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/what-is-gravity-facts-about-force\">gravity<\/a> is not equal everywhere. The Moon orbits Earth, for instance, due to the latter\u2019s gravitational pull \u2013 \u00a0but that pull is a lot stronger on the side of the Moon that faces Earth than it is on the far side.<\/p><p>When a small object nears a much larger one, that disparity between the gravity experienced on either side increases, and can eventually cause the object to break up.<\/p><p>The Earth-Moon Roche limit, according to NASA, is about 19,900km, meaning that, were the Moon to drift that close to Earth, it would start to break up.<\/p><p>Even at the closest point in its orbit, the\u00a0Moon\u00a0is 363,104 km (225,623 miles) from\u00a0Earth, so there&#8217;s no danger of it breaking up (and, as it happens, the Moon is slowly drifting away from Earth).<\/p><p>Saturn&#8217;s Roche limit is about 117,000km and, given <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/a-guide-to-the-rings-of-saturn\">Saturn&#8217;s rings<\/a> span from 66,000km to 480,000km from the planet&#8217;s centre, sits within the ring system.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"629\" height=\"629\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2019\/03\/Cassini-mimas-05f9f08.jpg\" alt=\"Saturn's Roche limit is located within its ring system. Credit: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/Space Science Institute\" class=\"wp-image-24289\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Saturn&#8217;s Roche limit is located within its ring system. Credit: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/Space Science Institute<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-it-s-important\"><strong>Why it&#8217;s important<\/strong><\/h2><p>Gravity is not, of course, the only force in the Universe, nor is it the only thing that holds objects together here on Earth.<\/p><p>That&#8217;s why, for instance, a tennis ball doesn\u2019t disintegrate when you throw it at a wall.<\/p><p>But out in space, where pure gravitational effects have much more of a role to play, the Roche limit is an important concept that helps explain, for instance, the formation and location of planets around stars, the presence or otherwise of rings around any given planet, and why <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/a-guide-to-comets\">comets<\/a> and other heavenly bodies sometimes disintegrate upon coming close to a planet.<\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Published: Saturday, 18 May 2024 at 07:28 AM As the great Irish poet WB Yeats once wrote, \u201cthings fall apart\u201d, and within the Roche limit is where they do it. The Roche limit is the point at which the tidal effects of a large body on a smaller one become powerful enough to overcome [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":59147,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"3"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/05\/roche-limit-explained.jpg",1200,675,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/05\/roche-limit-explained-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/05\/roche-limit-explained-300x169.jpg",300,169,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/05\/roche-limit-explained-768x432.jpg",768,432,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/05\/roche-limit-explained-1024x576.jpg",800,450,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/05\/roche-limit-explained.jpg",1200,675,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/05\/roche-limit-explained.jpg",1200,675,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Published: Saturday, 18 May 2024 at 07:28 AM As the great Irish poet WB Yeats once wrote, \u201cthings fall apart\u201d, and within the Roche limit is where they do it. The Roche limit is the point at which the tidal effects of a large body on a smaller one become powerful enough to overcome&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/59146"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}