{"id":63805,"date":"2024-09-11T15:01:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-11T15:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/d42bc339-df81-43bf-831c-836e3ed656a6"},"modified":"2024-09-11T15:39:42","modified_gmt":"2024-09-11T15:39:42","slug":"video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/rss_feed\/video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star\/","title":{"rendered":"Video and images show bubbles 75 times as big as the Sun forming on a huge red giant star"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\"> <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Iain Todd\n      <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Wednesday, 11 September 2024 at 15:01 PM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>Astronomers have captured images of bubbles of gas 75 times the size of our Sun moving across a star 180 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/lightyear\">lightyears<\/a> away from Earth.<\/p><p>This marks the first time such bubbles have been imaged on a star other than our Sun.<\/p><p>The star in question is R Doradus, a red giant star 350 times as wide as the Sun that can be seen in the constellation Dorado.<\/p><p><strong><em>Discover the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/advice\/skills\/how-see-biggest-stars-universe\">biggest stars in the Universe<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Stellar bubbles captured by ALMA | ESO News\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jaxyu4RP9-I?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the R Doradus bubbles<\/strong><\/h2><p>R Doradus&#8217;s mammoth size and closeness to Earth enabled astronomers to capture these amazing images.<\/p><p>A red giant, R Doradus is an ageing star that&#8217;s expanding and puffing outwards as it reaches the end of its life.<\/p><p>It&#8217;s much bigger than our Sun, but is of the same mass, and is likely similar to how our Sun will look in 5 billion years when it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skyatnightmagazine.com\/space-science\/what-will-happen-when-our-sun-dies\">becomes a red giant and begins swallowing the inner planets of the Solar System<\/a>.<\/p><p>The images of bubbling gas on the surface of star R Doradus were captured using the Atacama Large Millimeter\/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile over a period between July and August 2023.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full has-lightbox\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image showing bubbles on the surface of star R Doradus. Click to expand. Credit: ALMA (ESO\/NAOJ\/NRAO)\/W. Vlemmings et al.<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>The giant, hot bubbles of gas appear on the surface and sink back into the star\u2019s interior, and this process is happening much faster than expected.<\/p><p>&#8220;This is the first time the bubbling surface of a real star can be shown in such a way,&#8221; says Wouter Vlemmings, a professor at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, and lead author of the study published in Nature.<\/p><p>&#8220;We had never expected the data to be of such high quality that we could see so many details of the convection on the stellar surface.&#8221;<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full has-lightbox\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"445\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2024\/09\/R-Doradus-star-bubbles-sequence.jpg\" alt=\"Sequence of images showing the changing bubbles on the surface of star R Doradus. Credit: ALMA (ESO\/NAOJ\/NRAO)\/W. Vlemmings et al.\" class=\"wp-image-161642\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sequence of images showing the changing bubbles on the surface of star R Doradus. Click to expand. Credit: ALMA (ESO\/NAOJ\/NRAO)\/W. Vlemmings et al.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How stars work<\/strong><\/h2><p>Nuclear fusion is the process by which stars produce energy in their cores.<\/p><p>This energy flows outwards towards the star&#8217;s surface in hot bubbles of gas, which then cool and sink back into the interior.<\/p><p>The convection motion churns and mixes heavy elements formed in the star&#8217;s core, like carbon and nitrogen, distributing them throughout the star.<\/p><p>Convection motion is also thought to generate streams of particles called &#8216;stellar winds&#8217; that transport these elements out into space and provide the ingredients for new stars and planets to form.<\/p><p>Solar scientists have tracked convection motions in the Sun, but never in detail in other stars.<\/p><p>This new study changes all that.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1498\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/48\/2020\/07\/Solar-Orbiter-granulation-d57804b.jpg\" alt=\"Granulation on the surface of the Sun shows the up and down flows of plasma that take place beneath the surface. This pic was captured by the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager. Credit: Solar Orbiter\/PHI Team\/ESA &amp; NASA\" class=\"wp-image-50856\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Granulation on the surface of our Sun shows the up and down flows of plasma that take place beneath the surface. This pic was captured by the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager. Credit: Solar Orbiter\/PHI Team\/ESA &amp; NASA<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>ALMA was used by the team to gather hi-res images of R Doradus over the course of a month.<\/p><p>&#8220;Convection creates the beautiful granular structure seen on the surface of our Sun, but it is hard to see on other stars,&#8221; says Theo Khouri, a researcher at Chalmers and a co-author of the study.<\/p><p>&#8220;With ALMA, we have now been able to not only directly see convective granules \u2014 with a size 75 times the size of our Sun! \u2014 but also measure how fast they move for the first time.&#8221;<\/p><p>And the observations revealed that the granules are moving faster than expected, based on models generated by observing the process on our own Sun.<\/p><p>\u201cWe don\u2019t yet know what is the reason for the difference,&#8221; says Vlemmings.<\/p><p>&#8220;It seems that convection changes as a star gets older in ways that we don&#8217;t yet understand.&#8221;<\/p><p>The observations of R Doradus are therefore enabling astronomers to learn more about how Sun-like stars behave, but also what happens to them as they age and expand.<\/p><p><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/archives\/releases\/sciencepapers\/eso2412\/eso2412a.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Access the research paper (PDF)<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Iain Todd Published: Wednesday, 11 September 2024 at 15:01 PM Astronomers have captured images of bubbles of gas 75 times the size of our Sun moving across a star 180 lightyears away from Earth. This marks the first time such bubbles have been imaged on a star other than our Sun. The star in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":63806,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"4"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/09\/video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star.jpg",1200,800,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/09\/video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/09\/video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/09\/video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/09\/video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star-1024x683.jpg",800,534,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/09\/video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star.jpg",1200,800,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/77\/2024\/09\/video-and-images-show-bubbles-75-times-as-big-as-the-sun-forming-on-a-huge-red-giant-star.jpg",1200,800,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"By Iain Todd Published: Wednesday, 11 September 2024 at 15:01 PM Astronomers have captured images of bubbles of gas 75 times the size of our Sun moving across a star 180 lightyears away from Earth. This marks the first time such bubbles have been imaged on a star other than our Sun. The star in&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/63805"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63805"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcskyatnight\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}