{"id":38222,"date":"2024-05-09T16:14:52","date_gmt":"2024-05-09T14:14:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/6c751cc0-e432-42cc-9f32-5ba59be78f5d"},"modified":"2024-05-09T17:35:42","modified_gmt":"2024-05-09T15:35:42","slug":"a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/rss_feed\/a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how\/","title":{"rendered":"A rare Australian marsupial is being genetically modified to save it from extinction. Here&#8217;s how"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\">Scientists are trying to genetically &#8216;edit&#8217; the endangered northern quoll to make it resistant to the neurotoxin of the invasive cane toad. <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Thursday, 09 May 2024 at 14:14 PM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p>Scientists say they are close to being able to genetically modify a rare Australian mammal to save it from going extinct as a result of the presence of the non-native cane toad.<\/p><p>The northern quoll, a small carnivorous marsupial weighing up to about 1kg and belonging to the same family as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/tasmanian-devil-facts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tasmanian devil<\/a>, has suffered huge population declines and range decreases as a result of habitat loss and the impact of a whole range of introduced species.<\/p><p>But the cane toad, native to South and Central America and brought to Australia in the 1930s to deal with a sugar cane pest, is perhaps the quoll\u2019s ultimate nemesis. Along with other members of the Bufonidae family, including the European common toad, cane toads possess a neurotoxin to which no Australian species has resistance because they evolved on a continent entirely free from this group of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/search?phrase=amphibians\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">amphibians<\/a>.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video controls=\"\" poster=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/05\/Northern-quoll-video.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/05\/Northern-quoll.mp4\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The northern quoll is a small carnivorous marsupial. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/western-quolls-seen-at-australian-wildlife-sanctuary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Amazing footage of four super-rare quolls caught sneaking around Australian wildlife sanctuary<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/extinct-thylacine-sightings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The thylacine became extinct in the 1960s&#8230; or did it?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/most-poisonous-animals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10 most poisonous animals, from frogs to sharks<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>As a result, many species \u2013\u00a0not just northern quolls but native reptiles such as goannas and tiger snakes \u2013\u00a0frequently die when they predate on the toads, which are large and slow-moving animals, making them easy meals.\u00a0<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cane toads were introduced to Australia in the 1930s to deal with a sugar cane pest. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Now experts in gene-editing from the University of Melbourne and a \u2018de-extinction\u2019 company called <a href=\"https:\/\/colossal.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Colossal Biosciences<\/a> say they can introduce genetic resistance to the toxin by taking DNA from a species of South American lizard and \u2018edit\u2019 that into the cells of a northern quoll. They have already managed to do this with the cells of the closely related dunnart, another endemic marsupial.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"826\" height=\"423\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/05\/Northern-quoll-1.jpg\" alt=\"Northern quoll\" class=\"wp-image-100960\" style=\"width:842px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Northern quolls don&#8217;t have resistance to the neurotoxins possessed by cane toads and frequently die when they predate on the amphibians. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>The problem conservationists face, explains Andrew Pask, professor of genetics and developmental biology at the University of Melbourne, is that not only have they been unable to control cane toads in any effective way, the toads are rapidly spreading into the few remaining parts of Australia where quolls are still found.\u00a0<\/p><p>\u201cThe northern quoll is one of our most endangered species and is predicted to go extinct within the next decade,\u201d he says. Trying to remove cane toads hasn\u2019t worked because they are such prodigious breeders. \u201cIn a standard spawning event, a cane toad can lay 20,000 eggs, and they do that multiple times a year, so they are just unstoppable,\u201d Pask adds.<\/p><p>Conferring resistance within the quolls to the toxin would not only allow them to safely eat any toads they come across, but it could also create a situation where they effectively control and reduce populations of the invasive amphibian, potentially improving the conservation status of other species.\u00a0<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video controls=\"\" poster=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/05\/Cane-toad-1.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/05\/Cane-toad.mp4\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Trying to remove cane toads hasn\u2019t worked, so some scientists are now trying to genetically modify the northern quoll to make it resistant to the toad&#8217;s neurotoxins. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Jack Ashby, a zoologist with an expertise in Australian mammals and assistant director of Cambridge University\u2019s Museum of Zoology, says it was an interesting idea, but needed serious thought.<\/p><p>\u201cGenetically modifying a wild species has very serious ethical considerations,\u201d Ashby says.\u00a0\u201cTo what extent this is the last hope for the northern quoll is a big question. Is a genetically modified quoll better than no quoll? We need to have a solid understanding of the ethics of changing a wild species (before anything occurs).\u201d<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video controls=\"\" poster=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/05\/Northern-quoll-2.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/05\/Northern-quoll-video.mp4\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Scientists predict that the modified quolls would come to dominate as they would have a competitive advantage over none-modified quolls.\u00a0 Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>The northern quoll used to be widespread across a broad swathe of the top half of Australia, but today it can only be found in a few isolated areas in Western Australian, Northern Territory and Queensland. Once genetically modified quolls have been created, the idea would be to test whether the strategy works in a contained environment before releasing them properly into the wild. It\u2019s thought the modified animals would come to dominate as they would have such a competitive advantage.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>Pask says the technology had the potential to be used to solve other conservation conundrums. \u201c(Creating) resistance to devil facial tumour disease in Tasmanian devils is another thing we are looking at,\u201d he says. \u201cChlamidia resistance in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/mammals\/koala-bear-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">koalas<\/a> could be another. The gene-editing technology that we have makes these things possible.\u201d<\/p><p><strong>You may also like:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/birds\/bringing-dodo-back-from-extinction-may-drive-rewilding-on-mauritius\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Scientists are a step closer to bringing the dodo back from extinction. And it may save existing wildlife on Mauritius<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/prehistoric-aurochs-are-back-from-extinction-and-spreading-across-europe-and-they-could-be-heading-to-the-uk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Prehistoric aurochs are back from extinction and spreading across Europe. And they could be heading to the UK<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/news\/scimitar-horned-oryx-back-from-extinction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mythical-looking scimitar-horned oryx reclassified from Extinct in the Wild to Endangered<\/a><\/li><\/ul> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scientists are trying to genetically &#8216;edit&#8217; the endangered northern quoll to make it resistant to the neurotoxin of the invasive cane toad. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":38223,"template":"","categories":[1,241],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"4"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/05\/a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how.jpg",724,482,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/05\/a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/05\/a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/05\/a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how.jpg",724,482,false],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/05\/a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how.jpg",724,482,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/05\/a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how.jpg",724,482,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/05\/a-rare-australian-marsupial-is-being-genetically-modified-to-save-it-from-extinction-heres-how.jpg",724,482,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Scientists are trying to genetically 'edit' the endangered northern quoll to make it resistant to the neurotoxin of the invasive cane toad.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/38222"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38223"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}