{"id":39686,"date":"2024-06-25T09:39:13","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T07:39:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/b0d88717-fe4c-4edb-9b49-8fcbca80733a"},"modified":"2024-06-25T10:27:35","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T08:27:35","slug":"scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina","status":"publish","type":"rss_feed","link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/rss_feed\/scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina\/","title":{"rendered":"Scuba-diving scientists capture rare underwater footage of prehistoric-looking hellbenders in North Carolina"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"rssexcerpt\">The giant hellbender salamanders \u2013 also known as \u2018snot otters\u2019, &#8216;devil dogs\u2019 and \u2018old lasagna sides\u2019 are being moved ahead of a dam removal project on the Watauga River. <\/p><p class=\"rssauthor\">By Graeme Green\n      <\/p><p class=\"rssbyline\">Published: Tuesday, 25 June 2024 at 07:39 AM<\/p><hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"yes\"?>\n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<html><body><p><strong>Scuba-diving scientists are on a mission to save the eastern hellbender in the US state of North Carolina. <\/strong><\/p><p>Work is set to begin to remove Shull\u2019s Mill Dam on the Watauga River in July in order to restore a healthy river ecosystem. <\/p><p>The project will involve the challenging relocation of eastern hellbenders who live in the river near Shull\u2019s Mill Dam to a newly restored habitat downstream before deconstruction begins, with scientists donning scuba gear to dive and collect the hellbenders one by one.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video controls=\"\" poster=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/06\/Eastern-hellbender-5.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/06\/Eastern-hellbender-1.mov\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Scientists take to the river in search of the eastern hellbender. Credit: Mountain True<\/figcaption><\/figure><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/environment\/europe-is-dismantling-its-dams-to-save-nature-and-people\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Europe is dismantling its dams at a record-breaking rate \u2013 and it&#8217;s saving rivers<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-removing-dams-to-help-wildlife\">Removing dams to help wildlife<\/h2><p>The Watauga River, which starts near Boone, NC and flows out to eastern Tennessee, is home to many aquatic species that have been threatened by human-caused problems, including water quality, pollution, climate change, sedimentation and reduced migratory habitat (which is necessary for reproduction). <\/p><p>With the US\u2019 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act 2021, grants were made available for the removal of defunct and unsafe dams across the US to make waterways safer, cleaner and more habitable. Removing Shull\u2019s Mill dam is expected to benefit surrounding wildlife, including the little-known, at-risk species\u00a0eastern hellbender, a freshwater aquatic salamander, whose nicknames include \u2018devil dog\u2019, \u2018snot otter\u2019, \u2018Allegheny river monster\u2019, \u2018grampus\u2019, \u2018old lasagna sides\u2019 and \u2018lasagna lizard\u2019.\u00a0<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video controls=\"\" poster=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/06\/Eastern-hellbender-4.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/06\/Eastern-hellbender.mov\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The moment the scuba-diving scientists discover the eastern hellbender. Credit: Mountain True<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>\u201cRemoving a dam is like clearing a clogged artery,\u201d says\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanrivers.org\/staff\/erin-singer-mccombs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Erin McCombs<\/a>, project manager for the dam removal and South-east Conservation Director at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanrivers.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">American Rivers<\/a>. <\/p><p>\u201cShull\u2019s Mill Dam is the second dam on the Watauga River to be removed since 2021, and it will greatly improve the entire watershed by reconnecting 35 stream miles. Fish will be able to swim freely, a dangerous public nuisance will be removed, and the waterway will rebuild the riverbanks to make them more resilient to floods and other climate change events. <\/p><p>&#8220;The Ward\u2019s Mill dam removal just downstream of Shull\u2019s Mill dam also created a renewed free-flowing river habitat, where we\u2019ll relocate the hellbenders to get them out of harm\u2019s way during deconstruction.\u201d<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Eeastern hellbenders are listed as a species of special concern in North Carolina. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/amphibians\/whats-the-largest-largest-amphibian\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What&#8217;s the largest amphibian?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-eastern-hellbender-a-vital-predator\">Eastern hellbender: A vital predator<\/h2><p>Listed as a species of special concern in North Carolina, eastern hellbenders are the largest aquatic salamander species in North America, growing up to 29 inches long. They live in rivers from southern New York to northern Georgia and from the central Appalachians to Missouri. <\/p><p>Once widespread across 15 states, nearly 80% of the hellbender population has been lost. The nocturnal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/amphibians\/amphibian-vs-reptile-whats-the-difference\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">amphibians<\/a> live in underwater caves provided by boulders. In North Carolina, hellbenders are listed as a species of special concern. They\u2019ve been cut off from migrating to other parts of the Watauga River due to a series of dams erected in the last century.<\/p><blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>&#8220;Hellbenders are the largest aquatic salamander species in North America, growing up to 29 inches long.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote><p>\u201cHellbenders are important because they are apex predators in many rivers, and they\u2019re a bellweather for water quality and habitat quality in our rivers,\u201d says Dr. Mike Gangloff, Appalachian State University Biologist, the Aquatic Biology Lead Researcher for Ward and Shull\u2019s Mill Dam Removals. \u201cWe see that sites with the most hellbenders in this river also have the highest diversity of fish and aquatic insects.\u201d\u00a0<\/p><p>\u201cHellbenders are an often-misunderstood species,\u201d says Andy Hill, Watagua Riverkeeper at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/mountaintrue.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MountainTrue<\/a>, who are also working on the dam removal project. \u201cDue to land use change, water pollution, loss of habitat, dams and other challenges we&#8217;ve seen a decrease in hellbender populations across their range. If we lose hellbenders, we lose a symbol for the unique biodiversity of the Southern Appalachians.\u201d<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"483\" src=\"https:\/\/c02.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/06\/Eastern-hellbender-3.jpg\" alt=\"Eastern hellbender\" class=\"wp-image-103360\" style=\"width:841px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The eastern hellbender is also known as the \u2018devil dog\u2019, \u2018snot otter\u2019, \u2018Allegheny river monster\u2019, \u2018grampus\u2019, \u2018old lasagna sides\u2019 and \u2018lasagna lizard\u2019. Credit: Getty<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-to-move-a-hellbender\">How to move a hellbender<\/h2><p>The hellbenders are being relocated by scuba divers this week, a novel process, working at night. \u201cThere haven\u2019t been a lot of projects where hellbenders have been translocated from dam removal sites,\u201d says Gangloff. <\/p><p>\u201cWe\u2019ve classically focused on removing dams from streams with anadromous fish stocks, like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/search?phrase=salmon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">salmon<\/a>, sturgeon and shad. The other cool thing about this project is we\u2019re hoping to re-home them in a section of the river where another dam was recently removed. That site is in a part of the river where we don\u2019t often find hellbenders today but where they were abundant only a few decades ago. Hopefully this translocation will kickstart hellbender recovery in that part of the river.\u201d<\/p><p>Safe relocation of hellbenders is complex and ambitious, the animals found up to 18 feet below the surface in cold, dark, fast-moving water. <\/p><p>\u201cHellbenders can be challenging to find, especially if they\u2019re under big rocks or in bedrock crevices,\u201d adds Gangloff. \u201cThere are a hundred things that could go wrong when you\u2019re working in a river. But the overarching concern is always the weather and how it might affect river levels. Visibility is almost always key to success in the aquatic realm.\u201d<\/p><p>Dam deconstruction is set to start on July 1, dependent on weather, and is likely to take around 3-4 weeks.\u00a0<\/p><blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>&#8220;Hopefully this translocation will kickstart hellbender recovery in that part of the river.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/environment\/europe-is-dismantling-its-dams-to-save-nature-and-people\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dam removals are seen as an increasingly important strategy to restore river ecosystems<\/a>\u00a0across the United States, Europe and elsewhere, delivering benefits to wildlife, people and businesses. Once Shull\u2019s Mill Dam is removed, it\u2019s set to be a significant economic generator for the region, which is already a trout fishing hotspot in the south-east US, in terms of outdoor recreation and tourism.<\/p><p>A variety of native riparian trees, native grasses and wildflowers will also be planted to aid the river\u2019s health and serve as pollinators that benefit birds, bees and other wildlife. <\/p><p>\u201cThe Watauga River is emblematic of river systems across Southern Appalachia,\u201d says Hill. \u201cIf it\u2019s happening here, it&#8217;s everywhere: habitat loss, pollution, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, ecological decline\u2026 These two dam removal projects will have incredible benefits to the Watauga River, including aquatic connectivity, cleaner, colder, more oxygenated water that will rejuvenate the ecosystem, flood mitigation, climate resiliency, and more. The benefits are endless, and these projects are possible everywhere.\u201d<\/p><p><em>Images and video credits: Mountain True<\/em><\/p><p><strong>More about amphibians:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/amphibians\/clay-robber-frog-ultrasonic-scream-brazil\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">There&#8217;s a\u00a0bizarre frog in the Amazon rainforest that screams at predators to scare them away<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/amphibians\/olm-salamander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The olm: meet the &#8216;human fish&#8217;, a blind cave-dwelling predator that lives to 100<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverwildlife.com\/animal-facts\/amphibians\/why-do-some-frogs-have-five-legs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Why do some frogs have five legs?<\/a><\/li><\/ul> <\/body><\/html>\n<hr class=\"no-tts wp-block-separator\"\/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The giant hellbender salamanders \u2013 also known as \u2018snot otters\u2019, &#8216;devil dogs\u2019 and \u2018old lasagna sides\u2019 are being moved ahead of a dam removal project on the Watauga River. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":39687,"template":"","categories":[1],"acf":{"readingTimeMinutes":"6"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/06\/scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina.jpg",1250,834,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/06\/scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/06\/scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/06\/scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/06\/scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina-1024x683.jpg",800,534,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/06\/scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina.jpg",1250,834,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/uploads\/sites\/44\/2024\/06\/scuba-diving-scientists-capture-rare-underwater-footage-of-prehistoric-looking-hellbenders-in-north-carolina.jpg",1250,834,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"importmanagerhub@sprylab.com","author_link":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/author\/importmanagerhubsprylab-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"The giant hellbender salamanders \u2013 also known as \u2018snot otters\u2019, 'devil dogs\u2019 and \u2018old lasagna sides\u2019 are being moved ahead of a dam removal project on the Watauga River.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed\/39686"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rss_feed"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rss_feed"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39686"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/c01.purpledshub.com\/bbcwildlife\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39686"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}